Social Studies Alberta 30-1 Vocabulary, Events, and People

Adam Smith

Scottish economist who wrote the Wealth of Nations a precursor to modern Capitalism.

John Stuart Mill

Arguably the most famous English philosopher and politician of the 1800's. Champion of liberty over unlimited state control.

Montesquieu

French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755) In order to have checks and balances within a single government

Jacques Rousseau

French philosopher who felt all people were born equal, but became corrupted by society. He opposed titles of nobility and felt the majority should rule.

Thomas Hobbes

English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679)

John Locke

17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property.

Karl Marx

1818-1883. 19th century philosopher, political economist, sociologist, humanist, political theorist, and revolutionary. Often recognized as the father of communism. Analysis of history led to his belief that communism would replace capitalism as it replaced feudalism. Believed in a classless society.

Charles Fourier

(1772-1837)-A leading utopian socialist who envisaged small communal societies in which men and women cooperated in agriculture and industry, abolishing private property and monogamous marriage as well.

Robert Owen

(1771-1858) British cotton manufacturer believed that humans would reveal their true natural goodness if they lived in a cooperative environment. Tested his theories at New Lanark, Scotland and New Harmony, Indiana, but failed

Haudenosaunee Confederacy

An alliance of six First Nations: Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, and Tuscarora.

Edmund Burke

(1729-1797) Member of British Parliament and author of Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790), which criticized the underlying principles of the French Revolution and argued conservative thought.

John Maynard Keynes

English economist who advocated the use of government monetary and fiscal policy to maintain full employment without inflation (1883-1946)

CCF

Co-operative Commonwealth Federation - a socialist political party established in the Great Depression, in the prairie provinces

Tommy Douglas

Premier of Saskatchewan and leader of the federal NDP, first leader to propose universal health care in Canada

F.D. Roosevelt

William Howard Taft

(1908-1912), was endorsed by Roosevelt because he pledged to carry on progressive program, then he didn't appoint any Progressives to the Cabinet, actively pursued anti-trust law suits, appoints Richard Ballinger as Secretary of the Interior, Ballinger opposed conservation and favored business interests, Taft fires Gifford Pinchot (head of U.S. forestry), ran for re-election in 1912 but lost to Wilson

Vladimir Lenin

Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924).

Joseph Stalin

Bolshevik revolutionary, head of the Soviet Communists after 1924, and dictator of the Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953. He led the Soviet Union with an iron fist, using Five-Year Plans to increase industrial production and terror to crush opposition

Adolf Hitler

Austrian-born founder of the German Nazi Party and chancellor of the Third Reich (1933-1945). His fascist philosophy, embodied in Mein Kampf (1925-1927), attracted widespread support, and after 1934 he ruled as an absolute dictator. Hitler's pursuit of aggressive nationalist policies resulted in the invasion of Poland (1939) and the subsequent outbreak of World War II. His regime was infamous for the extermination of millions of people, especially European Jews. He committed suicide when the collapse of the Third Reich was imminent (1945).

Benito Mussolini

Enlightenment

A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.

Age of Reason

Renaissance

Protestant Reformation

Industrial Revolution

American Revolution

Declaration of Independence

French Revolution

Enclosure Acts

Factory Acts

Divine Right of Kings

Winnipeg General Strike

1929 Stock Market Crash

Great Depression

Roaring 20's

The New Deal

NEP

5 year plan

Absolutism

Classical Liberalism

Class System

Philosophies

Free Market

Industrialization

laissez-faire capitalism

Limited Government

Traditional Economy`

subsistence farming

surplus farming

cottage industry

capitalism

feudalism

egalitarian

humanitarian

civil liberties

Taxation without representation

Representative Government

Revolution

Natural Rights

Urbanization

land, labor, capital

Luddism

Chartism

Socialism

Utopian Socialism

Scientific Socialism

Democratic Socialism

Classical Conservatism

Marxism

Communism

Reactionary

Radical

Moderate

Class Conflict

Labour Unions

Suffrage

Feminism

Human Rights

Progressivism

Welfare State

Welfare Liberalism

Robber Barons

Prohibition

Totalitarian

Authoritarian

Collectivization

Nationalization

Crown Corporations

Progressive Taxation

Fascism

Controlled Participation

Propoganda

indoctrination

Direction of Popular Discontent

Meritocracy

Keynesian economics

demand-side economics

Monopoly

Anti-Trust Legislation

nouveau riche