Anthro 121AW Last Minute

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Classificatory

Lump together important kin relations with same term

Descriptive

Each important kin relation that has its own distinct term

Kin Terms

Words used in a particular language for all the categories on kin recognized

Biological Kin Types

Descriptor of actual genealogical relationships

Nuclear Family

• Family of orientation

• Family of procreation

Extended Family

Family with lineal addition of ascended kin

Expanded Family

Family with extended and collateral kin included

Dimensions of Difference

All systems classify but do so in different ways

Lineal Kin

They are direct ancestors

Collateral Kin

Side branches of family tree and not direct family members

Laterality (Bifurcation)

Distinguishes kin types between mother and father’s side

Matrilateral Biological Kin Types

Any relation that starts from M (stems from mother’s side)

Patrilateral Biological Kin Types

Any relation that starts with F (stems from father’s side)

Ethnocentrism

Treating your own cultural order as the best cultural order

Matrilateral Descent

Traced through the female figures of the family tree

Patrilateral Descent

Traced through the male figures of the family tree

Cognatic Descent

Traced through both male and females of your descent

Lineage

Lineal descent from an ancestor

Clan

A group of people united by actual or perceived kinship and descent

Moiety

Higher order descent groups that biol down to just 2 descent groups

Totemic Beliefs

Links origins of the group to some kind of natural force in the world

Corporate Group

Groups that collectively controls resources (i.e. land, cattle, reindeer) with hierarchies

Bilateral Kin

Ancestry traced through both parents

Affinal Kin

An individual’s family through marriage

Fictive Kin

Forms of kinship/social ties that are based on neither consanguineal nor affinal nor nursury ties

Incest

Prohibition on sex with people deemed to be close kin

Exogamy

Prohibition on marriage within group

Endogamy

Marrying within group

Monogamy

Having a single spouse at the same time

Polygamy

Having multiple spouses at the same time

Polygyny

Man with multiple wives at the same time

Polyandry

Woman with multiple husbands at the same time

Fraternal Polyandry

Woman marrying a set of brothers

Land Tenure

Corporate estate farm

Primogeniture

Eldest son inherits everything

Virilocal (Patrilocal)

Newlyweds go to live with husband’s community

Uxorilocal (Matrilocal)

Newlyweds go to live with the wife’s community

Neolocal

Newlyweds go to live in a new community

Avunculocal

Newlyweds go to live with husband’s mother’s brother

Bridewealth

Payment from the husband’s people to the bride’s people

Dowry

Payment from the bride’s people to the husband’s people

Bride Service

Period of years that husband goes to work for the bride’s people

Cousin

The children of one’s parent’s siblings

Parallel Cousins

Children of same gendered siblings

Matrilateral Parallel Cousins

Parallel cousins on mother’s side

Patrilateral Parallel Cousins

Parallel cousins on father’s side

Cross Cousins

Children of opposite gendered siblings

Caste System

A fixed social structure that determines one’s social status, occupation, and marriage rights

Taravad

Term for lineage and corporate sub-lineage

Enangar

Having special relations with someone of a different taravad

Tali-rite

Group ceremony of marriage

Sambandham

Practice of lovers/visiting husbands offering luxury gifts

Diel

The specific lineage of the clan that founded that section

Pater

Social father

Genitor

The one who provided the sperm for the children

Bloodwealth

Replacing a man through marrying and having his children replace him

Bridewealth (Nuer)

Replacing a woman (daughter for a wife)

Ghost Marriage

Clan pays bridewealth as compensation for killing men

Agnation

Kinship traced exclusively through the male line

Age-sets

Cohorts of people within the same age group

Political Government

What organizes the functions and social relations of the group

Alliance Theory

Human social structures are created through the exchange of women between kinship groups to form alliances

Gift Debt

Asymmetry of gift-giving is established