Minorities in Weimar

Jewish equality (3)

-5 Jews held cabinet posts, including Rathneau who became foriegn minister in 1922

-75% of Jewish men were doctors, lawyers or had own business comp. to 25% of general pop.

-No. of high profile Catholic bishops spoke against racism + initiated inter-faith activities for Catholics, Jews + protestants

What is

-5 Jews held cabinet posts, including Rathneau who became foriegn minister in 1922

-75% of Jewish men were doctors, lawyers or had own business comp. to 25% of general pop.

-No. of high profile Catholic bishops spoke against racism + initiated inter-faith activities for Catholics, Jews + protestants

Jew equality (3)

How many Jews held cabinet positions in Weimar?

5

Including Rathenau who became foreign minister in 1922

Who was Rathneau?

Jew who became foriegn minister in 1922

What did high ranking Catholic bishops do?

Spoke out against racism

Initiated inter-faith activities w/ jews, catholics + protestants

How many Jews were lawyers, doctors or had own business?

75% comp. to 25% of general pop.

75% of Jews were

lawyers, doctors or had own business comp. to 25% of general pop.

Equality of gypsies

Attempts to get children of ethnic minorities into school to study a shared GER curriculum eg: efforts to provide for children of gypsies

What is

Attempts to get children of ethnic minorities into school to study a shared GER curriculum eg: efforts to provide for children of gypsies

Equality of gypsies

Equality of black people

Many black American musicians, singers + dancers hired by jazz clubs, paid well + didnt experience segregation

What is

Many black American musicians, singers + dancers hired by jazz clubs, paid well + didnt experience segregation

Equality of black people

What did the black Americans hired by jazz clubs not experience?

Segregation, unlike in US

General equality (2)

City liberals more welcoming

Article 113 of Weimar consitution said that groups cant be legally stopped from speaking forgein languages or preserving national identity in way they lived or ran their schools

What is

City liberals more welcoming

Article 113 of Weimar consitution said that groups cant be legally stopped from speaking forgein languages or preserving national identity in way they lived or ran their schools

General equality

Where did 1/3 of Jews live?

Berlin

Polish settlement

1925: over 200,000 polish speakers + 500,000 that spoke both

1925-33: 30,000 left the country

What is

1925: over 200,000 polish speakers + 500,000 that spoke both

1925-33: 30,000 left the country

Polish settlement numbers

How many Polish ppl left the country 1925-33?

30,000

30,000 Polish people left Weimar

1925-33

Black people inequality (3)

-Some GER mayors banned jazz performances + performances by black musicians

-GER imperialists perpetuated myth GER superior to Africans coz of colonisation

-GER women + black FRA soldiers in Ruhr’s mixed children denounced as German

What is

-Some GER mayors banned jazz performances + performances by black musicians

-GER imperialists perpetuated myth GER superior to Africans coz of colonisation

-GER women + black FRA soldiers in Ruhr’s mixed children denounced as German

Black people inequality

What did some GER mayors ban?

Jazz + performances by black musicians

What happened to mixed race children?

Denounced as GER

Gypsy inequality (2)

Several Lander eg: Bavaria + Prussia passed laws to try and control them, often linked to movement

1927 Bavaria forces all gypsies to carry identity cards

What is

Several Lander eg: Bavaria + Prussia passed laws to try and control them, often linked to movement

1927 Bavaria forces all gypsies to carry identity cards

Gypsy inequality

What did Bavaria do in 1927?

Forced all gypsies to carry identity cards

2 Lander that passed laws to try and control gypsies

Bavaria

Prussia

Polish inequality

-Ethnic minorities more likely to be employed in heavy labour eg: Poles in agriculture

-Significant hostility coz against GER in WW1

→ 30,000 left 1925-33

Name 1 sector many Poles worked in

Agriculture

What is

-Ethnic minorities more likely to be employed in heavy labour eg: Poles in agriculture

-Significant hostility coz against GER in WW1

→ 30,000 left 1925-33

Polish inequality

Why was there significant hostility towards Polish people?

Fought against GER in WW1

Jews inequality (6)

-Opposition to Rathneau’s appointment + was assassinated

→ did lead gov to ban some anti-semitic organisations

-Some protestant preachers attacked Jews, claiming put personal wealth above GER in WW1

-During GD, Jews less likely to get hired + more likely to be laid off

-Claim Jews lost GER the war due to conspiring w/ Allies

-Jews almost entirely excluded from judiciary into 1920s

-Increasing anti-semitism

What is

-Opposition to Rathneau’s appointment + was assassinated

→ did lead gov to ban some anti-semitic organisations

-Some protestant preachers attacked Jews, claiming put personal wealth above GER in WW1

-During GD, Jews less likely to get hired + more likely to be laid off

-Claim Jews lost GER the war due to conspiring w/ Allies

-Jews almost entirely excluded from judiciary into 1920s

-Increasing anti-semitism

Jew inequality

One positive outcome of Rathneau’s assassination

Gov banned some anti-semitic groups

What lead to giv banning some anti-semitic groups?

Assassination of jewish forgein minister Rathneau

Why did some Protestant preachers beat up jews?

Post-ww1

Claimed put personal wealth above GER

What happened to Jews during GD?

Less likely to be hired

More likely to be laid off

During Weimar’s period, anti-semitism

increased

Jew conspiracy theory

Conspired w/ Allies to cost GER the war

Fueled by KPD leader being jewish

General inequality

-People friendlier to those who assimilated

-Landowners + army not welcoming

-Popularity of eugenics

-Article 113 not always implemented + couldn’t control laws Lander passed

-The racist GER people’s offensive + defensive alliance had 70K members when disbanded 1923

-Some judges anti-semitic and made racism remarks w/ judgements

What is

-People friendlier to those who assimilated

-Landowners + army not welcoming

-Popularity of eugenics

-Article 113 not always implemented + couldn’t control laws Lander passed

-The racist GER people’s offensive + defensive alliance had 70K members when disbanded 1923

-Some judges anti-semitic and made racism remarks w/ judgements

General inequality

How many members did the racist GER people’s offensive + defensive alliance have when it disbanded 1923?

70K

What did judges often do when making their judgements?

Make anti-semitic + racist remarks

When did the racist GER people’s offensive + defensive alliance disband?

1923

Had 70K members at time of disbandment

Issue of article 113

Not always implemented

Cant control laws Lander pass