13-14th c Late Medieval Italy

artist/title

unknown; Christ in Majesty (Santa Maria de Mur)

movement

romanesque (spain)

movement significance

traditional italo-byzantine style (maneira greca) challenged by Cimabue/Giotto

significance

symbolic and spiritual; Christ as pantokrator in flat, stylized manner

artist/title

Jean d'Orbais; Reims Cathedral

artist/title

Jean d'Orbais; Reims Cathedral plan

artist/title

Jean d'Orbais; Reims Cathedral interior

movement

high gothic (france)

movement significance

stylistic foil to Italian architecture, vertical vs horizontal

significance

quintessential French Gothic cathedral; light, pointed arches, buttresses

artist/title

several; Annunciation and Visitation (Reims Jamb Statues)

movement

high gothic (france)

movement significance

classicizing revival predating Renaissance, roots of naturalism

significance

realistic, detached figures with detailed drapery and humanized gestures

Late Medieval Italy significance

flat, stylized maniera greca (Italo-Byzantine) to classicized rebirth of naturalism

Late Medieval Italy period

13/14 century

Late Medieval Italy beliefs

Renaissance Humanism; civic duty, human potential, individual experience

Late Medieval Italy context

oligarchic city states, black death

artist/title

Nicola Pisano; Pulpit of the Baptistery

movement

13 c late medieval italy (pisa)

significance

synthesis of medieval (trefoil arches, lion) with classical form (capitals, Hercules)

artist/title

Nicola Pisano; Annunciation, Nativity, and Adoration (Pisa Pulpit)

movement

13 c late medieval italy (pisa)

significance

classical Roman naturalism through bulky, volumetric figures, sarcophagi

artist/title

Giovanni Pisano, Nativity and annunciation to the shepherds (Pisa cathedral)

movement

13 c late medieval italy (pisa)

significance

departure from Nicola’s classical form through French Gothic style (slender sway/s curve)

artist/title

Bonaventura Berlinghieri; Saint Francis Altarpiece

movement

13 c late medieval italy (pescia)

significance

earliest portrait of saint, flat, frontality of the maniera greca, iconographic

artist/title

Cimabue, Madonna Enthroned with Angels and Prophets (Santa Trinita)

movement

13 c late medieval italy (florence)

significance

break away from maneira greca; natural mass and depth

artist/title

Pietro Cavallini; Last Judgement fresco (Santa Cecilia)

movement

13 c late medieval italy (rome)

significance

naturalism using light/shadow to model volumetric figures in a 3d space

artist/title

Giotto di Bondone; Madonna Enthroned (Ognissanti Madonna)

movement

14 c late medieval italy

significance

naturalism w solid, tangible reality where Virgin has physical mass; start of renaissance

artist/title

Giotto di Bondone; Arena Chapel interior (Capella Scrovengi)

artist/title

Giotto di Bondone; Arena Chapel exterior (Capella Scrovengi)

artist/title

Giotto di Bondone; Arena Chapel property (Capella Scrovengi)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (padua)

significance

act of atonement for the Scrovengi’s sin of usury, shift to naturalism

artist/title

Giotto di Bondone; Entry into Jerusalem fresco (Arena Chapel)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (padua)

significance

humanizes the divine in everyday human experience

artist/title

Giotto di Bondone; Betrayal of Jesus fresco (Arena Chapel)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (padua)

significance

dramatic confrontation between Christ/Judas through tightly packed, emotionally charged composition

artist/title

Giotto di Bondone; Lamentation fresco (Arena Chapel)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (padua)

significance

human emotion and physical weight through volumetric figures in a stage-like space

artist/title

Giotto di Bondone; Last Judgement fresco (Arena Chapel)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (padua)

significance

moral anchor for Enrico Scrovegeni for sin of usuary through blessed vs damned, humanizes christ

artist/title

Giovanni Pisano; Siena Cathedral

artist/title

Giovanni Pisano; Siena Cathedral interior

artist/title

Giovanni Pisano; Siena Cathedral dome

movement

13-14 c late medieval italy (siena)

significance

basilica with bell tower, dome and transcept, Gothic (gables/rose window) with Romanesque

artist/title

Duccio di Buoninsegna; Maesta Altarpiece (Siena Cathedral)

artist/title

Duccio di Buoninsegna; Maesta Altarpiece rear (Siena Cathedral)

movement

14 c late medieval italy

significance

multi-paneled liturgical object, blends medieval form with new human emotion and naturalism

artist/title

Duccio di Buoninsegna; Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints rear (Maesta Altarpiece, Siena Cathedral)

movement

14 c late medieval italy

significance

Sienese shift to naturalism through Gothic drapery and depicting humanized sacred figures (individualized expressions)

artist/title

Duccio di Buoninsegna; 14 panels of the Passion of Jesus (Maesta Altarpiece, Siena Cathedral)

movement

14 c late medieval italy

significance

humanization of religious subjects through individualized emotions, gestures, and spatial experimentation

artist/title

Duccio di Buoninsegna; Entry into Jerusalem (Passion of Jesus, Maesta Altarpiece, Siena Cathedral)

movement

14 c late medieval italy

significance

humanization of religious subjects through individualized emotions, gestures, and spatial experimentation

artist/title

Ambrogio Lorenzetti; Allegory of Good and Bad Government (Sala della Pace, Palazzo Pubblico)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (siena)

significance

political philosophy, illusionism for contrast between a virtuous republic and tyranny

artist/title

Ambrogio Lorenzetti; Peaceful City (Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country, Palazzo Pubblico)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (siena)

significance

stable rule (dancing, order, trade) through an illusionistic panorama of Siena

artist/title

Ambrogio Lorenzetti; Peaceful Country (Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country, Palazzo Pubblico)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (siena)

significance

large-scale landscapes, birds eye view of a Tuscan terrain protected by Security

artist/title

Ambrogio Lorenzetti; Allegory of the Good Government (Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country, Palazzo Pubblico)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (siena)

significance

justice through personified virtues surrounding an enthroned Common Good, proper conduct

artist/title

Ambrogio Lorenzetti; Effects of Bad Government in the City (Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country, Palazzo Pubblico)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (siena)

significance

thriving city ruined by corruption, crime, and fear after justice/political order collapses

artist/title

Ambrogio Lorenzetti; Effects of Bad Government in the Country (Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country, Palazzo Pubblico)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (siena)

significance

ravaged land where failed government destroys farming, trade, and safe travel

artist/title

Ambrogio Lorenzetti; Allegory of the Bad Government (Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country, Palazzo Pubblico)

movement

14 c late medieval art (siena)

significance

Tyranny surrounded by Vices (Cruelty, Fraud), political chaos threatening Siena’s independence

artist/title

Palazzo Pubblico

movement

14 c late medieval italy (siena)

significance

secular center and symbol of Siena's independence/political success

artist/title

Arnolfo di Cambio; Palazzo della Signoria (Piazza della Signoria)

movement

14 c late medieval italy (florence)