NBE science week 6

EMB guide to right atrium

•  Direct the trocar to intersect a line drawn from the left anterior-superior iliac spine and the right earlobe. After the trocar has passed through the diaphragm, depress the point and enter the heart. 

EMB guide to stomach

•  Direct the trocar point toward the intersection of the fifth intercostal space and the left midaxillary line (established by extending a line from the center of the medial base of the axillary space inferiorly along the rib cage) 

EMB guide to cecum

•  Direct the trocar toward a point one-fourth of the distance from the right anterior-superior iliac spine to the pubic symphysis; keep the point of the trocar well up near the abdominal wall until within 4 inches of the right anterior-superior iliac spine; then dip the point 2 inches and insert it forward. 

EMB guide to bladder

•  Keep the point up near the abdominal wall directing the trocar to the median line of the pubic bone (symphysis pubis) until the point touches the bone. Retract the trocar slightly, depress the point slightly 

concurrent/continuous drainage

•  occurs continuously during vascular injection

osmosis

- passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser concentration to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane; primary mechanism by which preservation occurs.

pressure filtration

• - passive transport system enabling the passage of arterial solution from the capillary to the tissue fluid. 

dialysis

•  separation of substances in solution on the basis of differences in their ability to pass through a semipermeable membrane. 

staphylococcus aureus

noscomial infection

streptococcus pyogenes

scarlet fever

streptococcus pneumoniae

otitis media

neisseria meningitidis

epidemic meningitisc

clostrdium tetani

tetanus (lockjaw)

Corynebacterium diphtheriae -

diptheria

salmonella typhi

typhoid fever

francisella tularensis

• - tularemia (rabbit fever) 

mycobacterium avium

•  opportunistic form of TB in AIDS

rickettsia prowazekii

• epidemic (louse-borne) typhus

rickettsia typhi

• endemic (fleaborne) typhus 

rickettsia rickettsii

rocky mountain spotted fever (tick borne)

coxiella burneti

q fever

chlamydia pisttaci

psittacosis (parrot fever)

chlamydia trachomatis

lymphogranuloma venereum

treponema pallidum

syphlis

borrelia burgdorferi

lyme disease

helix

•  outer rim of the ear

scapha

• fossa between the inner and outer rims of the ear; the shallowest depression of the ear

antihelix

the inner rim of the ear

crus of the helix

 the origin of the helix which is flattened in the concha

triangular fossa

depression between the crura of the ear; the second deepest depression of the ear.

traguss

• elevation protecting the ear passage (external auditory meatus). 

dorsum

• top; the anterior protruding ridge of the nose from the root to the tip of the lobe. 

tip

•  the extremity of anything which tapers (e.g. the tip of the nose; the termination of the forward projection of the nose). 

nasal orbital fossa

 A triangular concave depression superior to the medial portion of the superior palpebrae.

superior orbital area

 Region between the supercilium and the superior palpebrae. Composed of muscle and fat, it is deepest near the root of the nose.

supraorbital margin

 - The superior rim of the eye socket located on the frontal bone

orbital pouch

•  bags under the eyes; the fullness between the inferior palpebrae and the oblique palpebral sulcus 

aqueous humor

• a clear, thin, alkaline fluid which fills the anterior chamber of the eyeball. 

vitreous humor

• he semi-fluid, transparent substance which lies between the retina and lens of the eyeball 

humor

• any liquid or semi-liquid of the body, e.g. the aqueous or vitreous humor of the eyeball 

hidden point of entry for eye

•  between the lid at the inner canthus or the medial corner

hidden point of entry for supraorbital area

eyebrow

hidden point for temples

-outer edge of the eyebrow

-hairline above temple

behind the top of the ear

-sideburns when present

hidden point for cheeks

-behind the wing of the nose

-corners of the most

-outside the ear behind the lobe

-inside the ear behind the tragus

-angle of the jaw

hidden point for lips

-lateral corners at the end of the line of lip closure

-behind the medial lobe

hidden points for neck

-inside the ear

-angle the jaw towards the clavicle

hidden points for chin

-behind the earlobe

-lower center of the chin

hidden points for forehead

-in the eyebrow

-in the hair

bridge of nose

a natural highlight

inside nose

natural shadow

hidden point for ear building

lobe of ear

behind the top of the helix

natural shadow

smallpox

variola virus

-transmitted by oral/nasal droplets of infected person and causes pneumonia

Embalming equation

C (X) V = C1 (X) V1

C

the index (or concentration)

V

volume of arterial fluid

C1

the solution strength, or total concentration

V1

volume of solution

To prepare a 2% arterial solution using a 25 index fluid, it’s  necessary to know how much fluid is needed to make a 1 gallon solution of 2% strength.

1. 25 (X) V = 2% (X) 128 oz

2. 25 V = 256

3. 256/25

   1. 10.2 oz of arterial fluid

alternate drainage

1-2 quarts of the arterial solution is injected THEN the arterial injection is stopped and venous drainage happens. This is allowed to continue until drainage slows, then the drainage instrument is closed

cases that require reaspiration

-ascites

-drowning victims

-purge

-obese cases

right hypochondriac

-liver, gallbladder, right kidney and small intestine

epigastric region

-stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, spleen, adrenal glands

left hypochondriac

-spleen, colon, left kidney, pancreas

right lumbar

gallbladder, liver, right colon

umbilical region

-umbilicus, parts of the small intestine, duodenum

left lumbar

-descending colon, left kidney

right iliac

appendix, cecum

hypogastric region

urinary bladder, sigmoid colon, female reproductive system

left ilaic

descending colon, sigmoid colon

crura

• the superior and anterior bifurcating branches of the antihelix

concha

•  concave shell of the ear; the deepest depression of the ear located posterior and superior to the ear passage