NURS 572 Exam 1 Study Guide Flashcards

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering the key concepts from the NURS 572 Exam 1 Study Guide, including pharmacokinetics, antibiotic classifications, vaccine types, and respiratory drug categories.

Pharmacokinetics

The study of drug movement through the body, specifically looking at the ADME steps (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion).

Pharmacodynamics

The study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs on the body.

First pass metabolism effect

The rapid uptake and metabolism of an agent into inactive compounds by the liver immediately after absorption from the gut, before it reaches the systemic circulation.

First Order Kinetics

A process where the rate of drug elimination is proportional to the drug concentration.

Zero Order Kinetics

A process where the rate of drug elimination is constant regardless of the drug concentration.

Phase 1 metabolism

Nonsynthetic reactions such as oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis that modify the chemical structure of a drug.

Phase 2 metabolism

Synthetic or conjugation reactions where a drug or its metabolite is attached to a polar molecule to facilitate excretion.

CYP 450 system

A major system of enzymes (Cytochrome P450) responsible for the metabolism of various drugs and factors that affect drug metabolism.

Saw Palmetto

A specific herbal therapy identified for study under herbal medication safety.

Melatonin

An herbal therapy used for sleep regulation identified in the Week 1 study material.

St. John’s Wort

An herbal therapy often used for mood, noted for its importance in medication safety evaluations.

Glucosamine

An herbal therapy identified for review under the herbal medication safety section.

Bacteriostatic

A classification of antibiotics that inhibit the growth and replication of bacteria without necessarily killing them.

Bactericidal

A classification of antibiotics that directly kill bacteria.

Cephalosporins

A class of antibiotics categorized into generations (first, second, and third) with distinct differences in spectrum and activity.

Antibiotic resistance

The phenomenon where bacteria change in response to the use of medicines, driven by various contributing factors.

Tuberculosis treatment

A therapeutic regimen characterized by specific treatment goals and the use of drug combinations.

Live attenuated vaccines

Vaccines that use a weakened (or attenuated) form of the germ that causes a disease.

Inactivated vaccines

Vaccines that use the killed version of the germ that causes a disease.

Tetanus vaccine

A common prophylactic vaccine and its specific clinical indications.

Rabies vaccine

A specific prophylactic vaccine indicated for use after potential exposure to the rabies virus.

Short acting bronchodilators

Respiratory drugs designed for rapid relief of airway constriction.

Long acting bronchodilators

Respiratory drugs used for the maintenance and long-term control of airway patency.