Review of Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Related Concepts

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to Hyperemesis Gravidarum and its implications in pregnancy.

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

A severe form of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy characterized by persistent vomiting, dehydration, and weight loss.

hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)

A hormone produced by the placenta shortly after implantation, primarily involved in maintaining early pregnancy.

Nausea

A sensation of unease in the stomach that often leads to the urge to vomit.

Dehydration

A condition resulting from excessive loss of fluid, often leading to dry mucosa and tachycardia.

Electrolyte Imbalance

A disruption in the balance of electrolytes in the body, which can occur due to severe vomiting in pregnancy.

Pathophysiology of Nausea/Vomiting

The physiological mechanisms leading to nausea and vomiting, including hormonal influences and gastrointestinal motility changes.

Urine Pregnancy Test (UPT)

A diagnostic test used to detect the presence of hCG in urine, confirming pregnancy.

Gestational Age

The age of the fetus or pregnancy, typically measured from the first day of the last menstrual period.

Prolactin

A hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates breast milk production.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

A hormone that triggers ovulation and is crucial for reproductive function.

Symptoms of Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Includes severe nausea, vomiting, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and weight loss exceeding 5% of pre-pregnancy weight.

Thyroid Stimulation

The effect of high hCG levels which can mildly stimulate the thyroid, potentially causing symptoms like nausea.

Management of Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Includes lifestyle changes, medications to relieve nausea, and fluid/electrolyte replacement.

Psychosocial Impact

The emotional and social effects of Hyperemesis Gravidarum on the patient and her family.

Bloating

A feeling of fullness or swelling in the abdomen often due to slowed gastrointestinal motility during pregnancy.

Ketonuria

The presence of ketones in urine, typically resulting from fat metabolism during starvation conditions.