Lesson 7 - The Urinary System - Flashcards

Bacteri/o

bacteria

Cyst/o

urinary bladder

Glycos/o

sugar, glucose

Hem/o, Hemat/o

blood

Hydr/o

water

Lith/o

stone

Nephr/o

kidney

Noct/o

night

Olig/o

scanty, few

Prostat/o

prostate

Protein/o

protein

Py/o

pus

Pyel/o

renal pelvis

Ren/o

kidney

Ur/o

urine

Ureter/o

ureter

Urethr/o

urethra

a-, an-

without, absence

dia-

complete, through

dys-

difficult, painful

poly-

many

-ectomy

surgical removal

-graphy

process of recording

-itis

inflammation

-lithiasis

presence of stones

-lysis

separation

-osis

abnormal condition

-pexy

surgical fixation

-rrhagia

bleeding

-rrhaphy

surgical suturing

-scopy

visual examination

-stomy

new surgical opening

-tomy

surgical incision

-tripsy

to crush

-uria

urination, urine

Cortex

outer portion of an organ

Digital

using a finger

Extracorporeal

occurring outside the body

Fistula

abnormal passage between organs (or surgical dialysis link)

Hypertrophy

organ enlargement from bigger cells

Meatus

a natural body opening (e.g., urethral opening)

Micturition

urination

Nocturnal

referring to night

Orifice

an opening

Percutaneous

done through the skin

Peristalsis

wave-like muscle contractions

Voiding

urination

Anuria

no urine production

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

age-related prostate enlargement

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

kidneys gradually lose function

Cystocele

bladder hernia through the vaginal wall

Diuresis

increased urine output

Enuresis

involuntary urination

Hydronephrosis

kidney swelling from backed-up urine

Hydroureter

ureter stretched by backed-up urine

Interstitial cystitis

chronic bladder wall inflammation

Nephritis

inflammation of the kidney

Nephrolith

a kidney stone

Nephrolithiasis

kidney stones

Nephrolysis

freeing a kidney from adhesions

Nephropathy

any kidney disease

Nephroptosis

a dropped (prolapsed) kidney

Nephropyosis

pus formation in the kidney

Neurogenic bladder

bladder problem from damaged nerve signals

Nocturnal Enuresis

bed-wetting during sleep

Polycystic kidney disease

inherited disorder; cysts enlarge the kidneys

Renal Failure

kidneys can no longer function

Uremia

toxic waste buildup in the blood

Ureterolith

a stone in the ureter

Urinary Incontinence

loss of bladder control

Ablation

removal or destruction of tissue/function

Antibiotics

drugs that treat urinary infections

Antispasmodics

drugs that block signals causing incontinence

Catheterization

passing a catheter into the bladder to drain urine

Cystoscopy

scope exam of the bladder and urethra

Diuretics

drugs that increase urine output

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL)

sound waves crush stones from outside the body

Hemodialysis

machine filters waste from the blood

Intravenous Pyelogram

x-ray of kidneys and ureters using IV dye

Kidney transplant

replacing a failed kidney with a donor kidney

Lithotomy

surgical incision to remove a stone

Prostate-specific Antigen

blood test screening for prostate cancer (PSA)

Suprapubic catheterization

catheter into the bladder through the lower abdomen

Urethropexy

surgical fixation of the urethra

ARF

acute renal failure

AV fistula

arteriovenous fistula (dialysis access)

BPH

benign prostatic hypertrophy

Cath

catheter / catheterization

CKD

chronic kidney disease

Cysto

cystoscopy

DRE

digital rectal exam

ESRD

end-stage renal disease

ESWL

extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

GFR

glomerular filtration rate

GU

genitourinary

HD

hemodialysis

KUB

kidneys, ureters, bladder (x-ray)

PD

peritoneal dialysis

RRT

renal replacement therapy

UA

urinalysis