Anatomy and physiology chapter 9

Hem/o hemat/o

blood, pertaining to the blood

Phagocytes

A type of white blood cell that ingests invading microbes. eat or swallow

Red blood cells

Erythrocyte, red

remember, RBCs do have have nucleus and do not have DNA

Composition of blood

55% plasma, 45% formed elements

Component of plasma

Water is most abundant , more than 90%Albumin(most abundant protein).fibrinogen and globulin

Serum

plasma without clotting factors

What Hemopoiesis?

formation of blood cells, as example erythropoiesis

Thrombus vs embolus

Thrombus = stationary clot in arteries

embolus = dislodged traveling clot in arteries

CBC

complete blood count

CBC with differential

look at WBCs monocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

hemoglobin test (H, Hg, Hgb, HGB)

total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood

Hematocrit (Hct)

percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood

polycythemia

A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood

Leukemia

cancer of white blood cells

Thrombocytopenia

low platelet count

Anemia

A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume to carry hemoglobin to maintain homeostasis

pernicious anemia

Lack of intrinsic factors

Function of basophil

release histamine and other mediators of inflammation; contain heparin, an anticoagulant

Function of eosinophil

kill parasitic worms; complex role in allergy and asthma

Function of neutrophil

phagocytize bacteria

Function of monocytes

phagocytosis; develop into macrophages in tissues

Erythropoietin (EPO)

hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow

Universal blood donor

Type O

universal reciepient

Type AB

How blood type determined

By the antigen on the RBCs' surface

Blood type A positive may receive blood from what blood type?

A+, A- o+,o-

Blood type A negative may receive blood from what blood type?

A-, o-

What are the two main component of blood?

Plasma and formed elements

What are the three types of blood cells and mention function of each.

RBCs, WBCs, Platelets, see your text book for functions

sickle cell anemia

a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape

aplastic anemia

failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

pernicious anemia

Caused by Vitamin B12 deficiency or intrinsic factor deficiency