Gen Psych Exam 5

Stereotypes

Widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group

The Illusory Correlation

The cognitive bias of perceiving a relationship between variables even when there isn’t a relationship.

Ingroup vs Outgroup

Ingroup: A group that one belongs to and identifies with. | Outgroup: A group that one does not belong to or identify with.

Attributions

Inferences that people draw about the causes of events, others’ behavior, and their own behavior

Internal vs Extenral Attributions

Internal: Assigns the causes of behavior to personal traits and feelings. | External: Assigns the causes of behavior to situational demands and environmental constraints.

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The tendency to overemphasize personal (Internal) traits and underestimate situational (external) factors when explaining others' behavior

Self-serving Bias

The cognitive tendency to attribute successes to internal traits (skill, effort) while blaming failures on external factors (luck, others).

Individualism vs Collectivism

Putting Personal goals ahead of group goals | Putting group goals ahead of personal goals

Interpersonal Attraction

Positive feelings toward another person.

Matching Hypothesis

Proposes that males and females of approximately equal physical attractiveness are likely to select each other as partners.

Reciprocity

Liking those who show that they like us (Denji)