LMSW

Systems Theory

views human bhvr through larger contexts, such as members of families, communities, broader society. When one thing changes the whole is affected. tend toward equilibrium . use ecomap or genogram. "person in enviroment"

Family Systems Approach

to understand: look at family as a whole then idiv members. looks for causes of bhvr and interections among members. all parts of family are interrelated

equifinality

ability of family system to accomplish the same goals through different routes

Strategic Family Therapy

sw initiates what happens during therapy, designs specific approach for each persons problem. communitcation. Active, brief and task centered

Structural Family Therapy

family organization for functioning of group and well being. sw engages to restructure. setting boundaries and rules for fam with interpersonal boundaries and hierarchiacal. sw observes and manipulates interactions during sessions

stages of group development

preaffiliation (devel of trust), Power and Control (indiv autonomy and group iden), Intimacy, differentiation, seperation/termination

groupthink

when group makes faulty decisions bc of group pressurestend to ignore alternatives

group polarization

disscusion strengthens a dominant point of view and results in a shift to a more extreme positon than any of the members

pschoanalytic theory

developed by Freud, bhvr and personality derive derive from unique interaction of conflicting psych forces precon, cons, uncon.

ID

instinctual energy that contrains bio urges like impulses for survial sex and aggression. unconscious. drive to achive pleasure and avoid pain

Ego

manages conflict between the id and real world constraints. role is to prevent the id from gratifying its impulses in socially inappropriate ways

superego

moral component of personality. contains all moral standards learned from parents and society. forces ego to conform . can cause client to feel guilty

freud 5 stages of psychosexual development

oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital

Oedipus Complex

devel during phallic stage, refers to males child sexual desire for mother and hostiliy towards father

Freud oral stage

birth-12m. Mouth sucking, biting chewing

Freud anal stage

age 2. child being olet trained. bowel movements

Freud Phallic stage

age 3-5 genitals

freud latency stage

5-puberty. sexuality is dormant

freud genital

begin at puberty. sexual urges return

Adler-Invidivdual Psych

main motiations for human bhvr are not sexual or agressive but strive for perfection

Erik Erikson

8 stages of development and 2 possible outcomes. completion of each stage results in healthy personality and interactions. failure can result in unhealthy sense of self. However can be resolved later.

Trust vs mistrust

birth to 1 yr. leanr abilty to trust based on consistancy of caregiver.

autonomy vs shame and doubt

1-3. assert indepednce like walking away from mom, picking toys etc

Initiative vs guilt

age 3-6. plan activites make up games,

Margaret Mahlers Object Relations theory

centered on relationshops with others, lifelong skills rooted in early attachments with parents

Behavioral theory

personality result of interaction between the idiv and enviro. focus on observable bhrv.

Respondent bhvr

involuntary (anxiety, sexual) that is auto elicited by certain bhvr. stimulus-> response

Operant bhvr

behavoir (walk, talk) that is controlled by consequences in envrio

Applicatins for bhvr modification

sex dysfunction, phobic disorders, compulsive bhvrs (overeating, smoking), training for oerson with intellectual disabilites like autism.

Pavlov classical conditioning

learning occurs as result of pairing neutral stim with uncond stim so they elicit response.

B.F. Skinner operant conditioning

antecdent events precede bhvrs that are follwed by consequences. reinforcing consequnces increase occurance of bhvr.

aversion therapy

treatment aimed at reducing attractiveness of stimulus or bhvr by repeated pairing with aversive stim. ex: treating alchoholism with antabuse

biofeedback

bhvr training program that teaches a person how to control certain functions like heart rate. used for ADHD and anxiety

flooding

treatment procedure which lcients anxiety is extinguished by prolonged real or imagined exposure to high intensity feared stimuli

Shaping

method used to train new bhvr by prompting and reinforcing successive

systematic desensitization

anxiety inhibiting responce cant occue at same time as anxiety responce. cleints reation of fear is overcome by pleasant feelings like relaxation or gift.

Piaget Cognitive theory

developmental psych. children learn through interaction with the enviro and others.

Kohlberg Moral Development

parallels cog devel. hold that reasoning is bais for ethical bhvr and 6 devel constudctive stages and moral dilemas

Kohlberg preconventional stage

1. k- age 9. child obeys authoruty figure out of fear of punishment

2. child act acceptabily in their own best interests. conforms to rules to receive rewards

kohlberg convention stage

early adolesnce 1. acts to gain approval

2. obeys laws and fufills obligations and duties to maintian social system, avoid guilt

kohlbery postconventional stage

adult. 1. interest in welfare of others

Learning Theories: Behavorial

pavlov and skinner- learning viewed through change in bhvr and stimuli in external enviro are locus of learning. sw change external enviro to bring change

Learning theories: Cognitive

Piaget: learning veiws through internal mental process. sw aim to deveop opportunities to foster capactiy and skills to improve learning

Learning theory: Humanistic

Maslow- learning is activies aimed at reaching full potential meeting cog. needs. sw aim to deveop the whole person

Learning theory: Bandura

Learning obtained btw people and envrio and interations and observations in socai lcontext. SW establish opportinies for concersation and participation to occur

Sources of power: coersive

from control of punishment

Sources of power: reward

from control of rewards

Sources of power: expert

from superior ability or knowledge

Sources of power: referent

from having charisma or identification withothers who have power

Sources of power: legitimate

from having legit authority

Sources of power: informational

from having information

Risk factors for alch and other drug abuse

family, social, psych:depression, behavorial: impulstivity

Biopsychosocial model

provides most comprehensive explanation for the complex nature of sub abuse disorders. incorperates hereditary predispotion, emotional, and psych probs, socail influences, envrio probs

Medical Model

addiction is considered a chronic, progressive , relapsing, potenting fatel med disease.

self-medication model

substances relieve symtoms of a psych disorder and contined use is reinforced by relief of symptoms

family and enviro model

for substance abuse can be found in family and enviro factors such as behr shaped by family and peers, personailty factors, physical and sex

social model

drug use is learned and reinforced from others who seves as role models . social, econ, politcal like racisim, poverty, sexism

Substance use disorder

continum of mild to severe.

Harm reduction model

refers o any program, or policy or intervetion that seeks to reduce or minimize adverse health and socail consequences

stage of treatment for alch: stabilization

focus is on establishing abstinence, accepting a substance abuse prob, commiting self to making changes

stage of treatment for alch: rehab/habilitation

focus is remaining substance-free by establishing a stabale lifestyle, developing coping and living skills, increasing supports, grieving loss sibs

stage of treatment for alch: maintenance

focus on stabilazing gains made in treatment, relapse prevention and termination

Social exchange theory

based on idea of totalling potential benefits and losses to determine bhvr. peoplemake decisons on relationships based on the amount of rewards they receive from them

Maslow Hierarchy of needs

5 stages basic- physiological, safety, social and esteem and growth - self actualization

ex of prioritizing maslow needs

1. client with med problem should focus on medical eval first.

2. victim of abuse should prioritize safety

3. refugee would meet basic suvival needs like food, clothing etc.

Strengths perspective

focuses on understanding clients on basis of their strengths and resources and mobilizing those to improve their situations. SW would: collaborated, create opportunities for learning or displaying competencies, enviro modification .

social justice

one of the most important values of sw. promote with change on behalf of clients who are indiv, fam, groups, orangizations or communitites. sw should engage in social and political action that seeks to ensure all have equal access .

antipsychotics used for schizo and mania

typical: haldol, loxitane, Mellaril, moban, navane, prolixin, serentil, stelaxine, thorazine and trilafon. (many that end in -zine)

atpical: abilify, clozaril, geodone, risperdal, seroquel, zyprexa

tardice dyskinesia

abnormal involuntary movements of tongue, lips, jaw, twitching may result from taking high doses of antipsychotic meds

Drugs for Mood Stabilizers

depakene, depakote, lamictal, lithium, tegretol, topamax

antidepressents- selecetive serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

celexa, lexapro, luvox, paxil, prozac, zolloft

antidepressents- tricyclics

anafranil, adendin, elavil, norpramin, pamelor, surmontil. tofranil, vivactil

anti-anxiety drugs

ativan, buspar, klonopin, valium, xanax (-ends in am)

stimulants- drugs for ADHD

adderall, concerta, dexedrine, metadate, ritalin

biopsychosocial history

provides info on current issues, clients past and present physical health, emotional fuctioning, and edu.

levothyroxine sodium

used to treat hypothryroidism

lisinopril

used to treat high blood pressure

metoprolol

used to treat high bp and reduce risk of heart attack

simvatatin

used to treat high cholesterol, prevent heart attacks and strokes

organic brain syndrome

term to describe physical disoders that impair mental function includinging alzheumers, fetal alc spectrum, parkinson, stroke, etc

collateral sources

get client informed consent and they can be friends, fam, agencies, drs, etc of client

Minnesota Multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI)

objective verbal inventory designed as a personality test for assessment of psychopathology has 550 statements.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

self-report inventory that attemps to classify indiv along 4 independent dimensions: attitude toward world, percetion, processing, thinking or feeling, judging vers perceiving

stanford-binet intelligence scale

testing of cognitive abilities. verbal, performance and full scale for children and adults

thematic apperception test (TAT)

has pictures clients tell stories based off of and used to understand clients current needs, motive, emotions, conscious and unconcous

mental status examination

appearance, orientation, speech , affact/mood, impulsive/potential for harm, judgement/insight, thought processesses, intellectual functioning

suicide warning signs

drug/alch abuse, loss of interest in activities, change in eating/sleeping habits, not tolerating praise, giving away belongings, isolation, taking care of legal issues,

precontemplation stage

client is unaware, unable or unwilling to change.greatest resistance and lack of motivation. arugtive, interupting, ignoring the problem, denial, avoid talking about it. Client might not show up for apts not agree change is needed. SW can deal by establishing rapport, acknowledging resistance, keep convo informal, engage them and reconize thoughts, feelings concerns of client.

contemplation stage

client is ambivalent or uncertain regarding bhvr change, so bhvrs are unpredictable. client willing to look at pros and cons of change but not commited to working on it. SW should emphazing clients free choice and responcibility and discuss pros and cons of changing. how change could help them reach their goals.

primary mission of social work proffession

enhance human well-being and help meet the basic human needs of all people

psychosocial approach

considers client in context of their interactions and transactions with the world.treatment focuses on emotional needs and results in modification of person enviro or both.

problem solving process

engage

assess

plan

intervening

evaluating

termination

crisis intervention

focuses on here and now, 4-6 weeks. directive and high level of activity and involvement from sw. set specific goals and tasks to increase clients mastery and control.

psycheducation

sw helps client understand their problem and work through it using their strengths, skills and resources to better deal with the problem. edu has role in emotional and bhvr change.

management of conflict steps:

-recogntion of conflict

-assessment of situation

-selection of appropriate strategy

-intervention

steps of intervention process

engage, assess,plan,intervention,eval,termination

precontemplation phase

denial, ignorance of the problem

contemplation

ambivalence, conflicted emotion

preparation

experimenting with small changes,

action

taking direct action towards achieving goal