Civil War Battles + Women’s Suffrage Movement Test Study Guide

Battle of Fort Sumter

April 1861; Confederate attack on Union fort in South Carolina; started the Civil War

First Battle of Bull Run

July 1861; Confederate victory in Virginia; showed the war would be long

Battle of Ball’s Bluff

October 1861; Union defeat near Potomac River; led to Congressional oversight of the war

Battle of Fort Donelson

February 1862; Union victory under Ulysses S. Grant; opened Tennessee and boosted Northern morale

Battle of Hampton Roads

March 1862; first ironclad naval battle (Monitor vs Virginia); changed naval warfare

Battle of Shiloh

April 1862; surprise Confederate attack in Tennessee; very high casualties showed war would be deadly

Battle of Antietam

September 1862; bloodiest single day; stopped Confederate invasion; led to Emancipation Proclamation

Battle of Fredericksburg

December 1862; Union defeat attacking strong Confederate defenses

Battle of Chancellorsville

May 1863; Lee’s greatest victory; Stonewall Jackson died

Battle of Gettysburg

July 1863; Union victory; turning point of the war; ended Confederate invasion of the North

Siege of Vicksburg

May–July 1863; Union victory; gained control of Mississippi River; split Confederacy

Battle of Chickamauga

September 1863; Confederate victory in Georgia; forced Union retreat

Battle of the Wilderness

May 1864; brutal fighting in forests; start of total war/attrition strategy

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House

May 1864; long, bloody trench fighting; showed war of attrition

Battle of Atlanta

July 1864; Union captured major Southern city; boosted Northern morale

Sherman’s March to the Sea

Nov–Dec 1864; total war campaign destroying Southern infrastructure

Battle of Appomattox Court House

April 1865; Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant; ended the Civil War

Civil War Phases

Early Confederate success; middle turning points; late Union victory

Turning Points of Civil War

Gettysburg and Vicksburg in 1863

Total War

Strategy of destroying enemy resources and infrastructure (used by Sherman)

Women’s Rights Movement

Reform movement for equal rights for women; developed alongside abolition

Connection to Abolition

Women gained experience in anti-slavery movement but faced discrimination, inspiring their own movement

American Anti-Slavery Society

Organization where many women became active reformers

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Leader of women’s rights movement; organized Seneca Falls Convention

Lucretia Mott

Abolitionist and women’s rights activist; co-organizer of Seneca Falls

Sojourner Truth

Formerly enslaved activist; spoke on both racial and gender equality

Susan B. Anthony

Women’s rights leader focused on suffrage; worked with Stanton

Frederick Douglass

Abolitionist who supported women’s rights and suffrage

World Anti-Slavery Convention (1840)

Women were excluded from participation; inspired women’s rights movement

Seneca Falls Convention (1848)

First women’s rights convention in New York

Declaration of Sentiments

Document demanding equality; stated “all men and women are created equal”

Women’s Suffrage

The right of women to vote; main goal of movement

Women’s Rights Issues

Lack of voting rights, property rights, education, and legal equality

Cult of Domesticity

Belief that women should stay home and be submissive

15th Amendment

Gave Black men the right to vote; caused division in women’s rights movement

Post–Civil War Tension

Disagreement over supporting Black male suffrage vs women’s suffrage

Women’s Rights Goal

Full equality, especially voting rights