Stateboards (Dogs & Cats)

The cervical vertebra with large ventrolaterally
projecting transverse processes, each subdivided
into two projections, is the:

sixth cervical vertebra

The portion ofthe mandible that articulates with
the temporal bone is the:

condylar process

Concerning the anatomic structure andfunction
ofthe limbs, which statement is least accurate?

The gastrocnemius muscle also flexes the digits.

Ifthe common calcaneal tendon ofan animal is tom
(separated), the animal loses mostofits ability to:

extend the hock

Removing the anconeus muscle would most
expose the:

caudolateral aspect ofthe elbow

Ifthe distal physis ofthe ulna is destroyed in a 6-
month-old dog:

the distal end of the limb (manus) would
deviate laterally

An intervertebral disk is least likely to rupture:

into the vertebral canal

Tearing and separation ofthe tendon ofinsertion
ofwhich muscle would mostseriously impair an
animal's ability to stand on the affected limb?

biceps brachii

Which structures are not normally adjacent to
each other?

left lobe ofthe pancreas and caudal duodenal
flexure

In a normal dog or cat, an incision through the
ventral abdominal wall into the peritoneal cavity,
between the umbilicus and urinary bladder,
wouldfirst reveal the:

greater omentum

48. An abnormal mass within the base ofthe lingual
frenulum would most likely interfere with
discharge ofsecretionsfrom the:

mandibular salivary gland

Ifa hernia ofthe thoracic diaphragm develops so
slowly that no serous membranes rupture while
the gastric fundus moves into the thoracic cavity,
how many layers ofserous membrane would be
present between the pleural cavity and the
smooth muscle ofthe stomach?

3

The tracheal carina is positioned:

between the base ofthe heart and the
esophagus

The cricoarytenoideus dorsalis musclefunctions in:

opening the rima glottidis

A tear orrip in a dog's thoracic diaphragm, between
the diaphragmatic openings ofthe esophagus and
caudal vena cava, would most likely permit:

liver lobes to enter the right pleural cavity

Which ofthe following is a direct indication of
long-standing pulmonary hypertension
(constricted pulmonary vessels)?

enlarged right atrium

Sharp, bonyfragments in a fractured
temporomandibularjoint would most likely
damage the adjacent:

maxillary artery

Incomplete occlusion ofthe cephalic vein during
venipuncture allows venous blood to continue
flowingfrom the cranialsurface ofthe
antebrachium toward the heart through the:

median cubital vein

Concerning the vascularsystem in dogs and cats,
which statement is least accurate?

The right renal vein drains into the portal vein.

In normal animals, which vein never drains
directly into the right atrium?

right pulmonary vein

Ifthe celiac artery is severed, which organ would
be least deprived ofarterial blood?

pancreas

In an angiographic study, contrast medium
injected into the cranial mesenteric artery would
least likely appear in the:

spleen

Iflarger than the diameter ofa large capillary,
intravascular debris breaking awayfrom a blood
clot in the femoral vein would be most likely
trappedfirst in the vascular bed ofthe:

lung

Ifa medial iliac lymph node is greatly enlarged
but the caudal mesenteric, superficial inguinal,
and popliteal lymph nodes are ofnormalsize, you
would most likely observe an infection in the:

tail

Concerning the cisterna chyli, which statement is
least accurate?

The vessels draining the cisterna chyli pass
through the esophageal hiatus ofthe thoracic
diaphragm.

The lacrimal gland:

secretes fluid that drains from the orbital
region into the nasal vestibule

A fracture through the distomedial portion ofa
eat's humerus would most likely involve direct
injury to the:

median nerve

Concerning positional relationships, which
statement is least accurate?

The left lung occupies more space in the
thoracic cavity than does the right lung.

Caudal to the anticlinal vertebra ofcarnivores:

intervertebral articular surfaces are oriented
in the sagittal plane

In an adult dog or cat, the thymus islocated in the:

cranial mediastinum

A complete fracture of a tuber calcanei ( with separation of the tuber from the remainder of the calcaneus) would most greatly impair an animal's ability to:

Extend the stifle

On observing in a standing dog that the vertebral border of the right scapua projects dorsally above the tips of the spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae, you might most correctly suspect a:

Rupture of the serratus ventralis muscle

The paired muscle that opens the jaw is the:

digastricus

Transecting the patellar ligament, parapatellar
retinacula, andfascia lata ofthe right pelvic limb
would most likely result in:

increased tension on the long digital extensor
tendon

To injecta drug into the stiflejointofa dogso that the
injected solution would enterthe synovialspace
between patella andfemur,femur and tibia, and
tibia and proximalfibula (without havingto diffuse
through synovial membranes), what is the minimum
numberofinjectionsthatcould begiven?

1

The muscle that most completely covers the
distolateral surface ofthe femur is the:

biceps femoris

The cranial preputial muscle is a partially
isolated portion ofthe:

cutaneus trunci

Most growth in height ofa young dog occurs in
the distal portion ofthe humerus and femur. This
growth occurs in the:

physes

The muscle most closely in contact with the
ventralsurface ofcervical vertebrae and
intervertebral disks is the:

longus colli

Concerning the stifle joint, which statement is
least accurate?

The tendon of origin ofthe deep digital flexor
is attached to the distal end ofthe femur.

From a lateral approach, separation ofwhich two
muscles would expose the lateralsurface ofthe
femoral bone?

biceps femoris and vastus lateralis

Which condition would most likely result in
"sinking" ofthe right carpal pad toward the floor
surface when the limb supports weight?

fractured accessory carpal bone

Which muscle ofdogs does not normally have a
sesamoid bone associated with its tendon?

cranial tibial

A needle passed into the shoulderjointfrom a
lateral approach would most likely pass
through the:

deltoideus muscle

The tendon ofthe infraspinatus muscle may be
bestrevealed by detaching and retracting the
tendon ofinsertion ofwhich muscle?

deltoideus

To most completely reveal the dorsal aspect ofthe
hip joint, which muscle must be detached and its
tendon ofinsertion retracted?

deep gluteal

Movement ofthe proximal portion ofthe tibia
caudally, relative to the femur, is an indication of
a torn:

caudal cruciate ligament

In the midcervical region, lateral reflection ofthe
leftsternohyoideus muscle would mostreveal the adjacent but deeper

left sternothyroideus muscle

The ligamentum nuchae:

assists in extension ofthe cervical vertebrae

Which bone or portion ofbone in the thoracic
limb is leaststressed by the weight ofthe animal
during the support phase oflocomotion?

ulna

Which joint has the least developed collateral
ligaments?

shoulder

The patella normally is:

positioned proximal to the femorotibial joint
space

A standing dog that lifts its leftforeleg to lick the
metacarpal pad would least likely have near-
maximal contraction ofits:

left pronator teres

Reflection ofthe tensorfasciae latae and sartorius
cranially, middle and deep gluteus dorsally, and
vastus lateralis distocaudally would reveal the:

cranial surface ofthe hip joint capsule

A deep laceration directed dorsoventrally across
the zygomatic and masseteric regions ofthe head
would most likely damage the:

parotid salivary duct

The duodenocolic fold connects mesentery of
which structures?

ascending duodenum and descending colon

An incision through the skin and superficial
fascia over the ventral portion ofthe eleventh
intercostalspace wouldfirst reveal which
subcutaneousskeletal muscle?

external abdominal oblique

Which structure is normally located in the right
halfofa dog's body?

descending duodenum

As the stomach distends and changes position in
the abdominal cavity, the organ that consequently
moves caudally due to a common mesenteric
attachment with the stomach is the:

spleen

A dog swallows a sharp bone. Ifthe bone
subsequently penetrated through the parietal
portion ofthe stomach, it would also most likely:

pierce the liver

A visceralserous membrane is not present on the
surface ofthe:

cervical esophagus

In a dog that has not eaten recently, which structure
issituated caudal to the root ofthe mesentery?

cecum

When the lungs arefully inflated, their caudolateral
margins extend caudally to about the transverse
level ofthe:

twelfth thoracic vertebra

The accessory lobe ofthe right lung is curled
around the:

trachea

A dog is brought to your clinic with a puncture
wound in the left thoracic wall, and you diagnose
a collapsed lung. What is the least number of
serous membranes (layers) that could have been
punctured?

1

In a resting dog that is not panting orswallowing,
the apex ortip ofthe epiglottis is normally
positioned in the:

intrapharyngeal ostium

Which cartilage ofthe larynx is mostresponsible
for preventing collapse or constriction ofthe
laryngeal airway?

cricoid

Fracture ofthe rightfifth rib, with severe damage
to lung tissue directly deep to thatrib, would most
likely result in:

puncture ofthe right middle lobe and collapse
ofthe right lung

Concerning the genital anatomy ofmale dogs and
cats, which statement is least accurate?

The ductus deferens arises from the
epididymis at the cranial margin ofthe testis.

The vagina is positioned:

ventral to the perineal body

In adultanimals, remnants ofthefetal arterial
blood supplyfrom the placenta provide blood to the:

urinary bladder

In cats, which artery passes through an osseous
foramen?

brachial artery

Ifyou wished to place a long cannula into the
pulmonary trunk withoutsurgically entering the
pleural or peritoneal cavities, the most
appropriate vascular approach would be viathe:

left femoral vein

A dog has a malignantgrowth on its prepuce. On
cytologic examination, you detect malignant cells
in the superficial inguinal lymph nodes. Which
lymph nodesshould you next examine to see ifthe
neoplasm has spread along a lymphatic drainage
route?

medial iliac

The thoracic duct:

drains lymph from the pelvic limbs, tail, and
intestines

A dog with enlarged superficial inguinal and
axillary lymph nodes and normalsuperficial
cervical and popliteallymplJ, nodes would most
likely have an infection in its:

mammary glands

A needle inserted rostromedial to the
temporomandibularjoint would most likely
penetrate the:

medial pterygoid muscle

Concerning positional relationship, which
statement is least accurate?

The pylorus ofthe stomach and cranial
portion ofthe duodenum are located toward
the left side ofthe abdominal cavity.

Dorsocranial placement ofthe proximalfemur
indicates that:

an intracapsular ligament is ruptured

Enlarging the cartilaginous external auditory
meatus by cutting ventrally through the pretragic
incisure would most likely damage the:

parotid salivary gland

A thistle in the medial aspect ofthe third digit, on
the surface facing the second digit, is in the:

abaxial surface of the second interdigital space

In a dog with a severed common calcaneal
tendon, an adjacentstructure thatshould be
examinedfor damage is the:

tibial nerve

Ifa bone tumorspreadsfrom the vertebral
column via a venous pathway, neoplastic cells are
least likely to be carried by the:

subclavian vein

The primary combined action ofthe internal
obturator, external obturator, and gemellus
muscles is to:

adduct the pelvic limb

The primary action ofthe triceps brachii muscle
is to:

extend the elbow

A pin placed in the calcaneus to stabilize the tuber
calcanei would most likely pass through tendons
ofthe:

gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor

The ligamentum nuchae:

assists in flexion ofthe cervical vertebrae

When removing the entire distal phalanx ofeach
digit during declawing ofcats, you sever the
tendons ofinsertion ofthe:

deep digital flexor and long digital extensor
muscles

Double dewclaws are a desirable trait in which
dog breed?

briard

A segment ofbowel with blood vessels coursing
along both its mesenteric and antimesenteric
borders is the:

terminal portion ofthe ileum

Not including the tiny interarytenoid cartilage,
the larynx ofdogs and cats consists of

one paired and three unpaired cartilages

The urinary bladder issupported by:

three ligaments or mesenteries

Concerning the urethra ofdogs and cats, which
statement is most accurate?

The preprostatic portion ofthe feline urethra
is relatively longer than that ofthe dog.

A loop ofintestine passes through (within) the
vaginal canal, reaching the level ofthe testis and
without tearing ofany serosal layer. What is the
minimum number ofserous layers between the
smooth muscle ofthe intestinal wall and the
lumen ofthe ductus deferens?

2

The coronary arteries are branches ofthe:

aorta

Which pair ofstructures is least closely associated
in proximity?

mandibular nerve and mandibularlymph node

Which structure is not contained within the
mediastinum?

thoracic portion ofthe caudal vena cava

Which structure isfound in both cats and dogs?

anconeus muscles

A transverse incision through the skin ofthe
plantarsurface ofthe calcaneus, distal to the
insertion ofthe common calcaneal tendon,
would most likely damage the:

superficial digital flexor tendon