Myopia

entering light rays are focused on the retina by the cornea and the lens, creating a sharp image that is transmitted to the brain

emmetropic

what is the normal axial length of the eye

24mm

what machine to use to know the axial length

b scan

every mm is equivalent of how many diopters

3

normal power of the cornea

43-44 diopter

normal power of the lens

19-23 diopter

what is the overall power of the eye

63 diopter

abnormality of the length of the eyeball

axial amteropia

if the eye has a problem of focusing properly to the retina

refractive ametropia

ametropia that towards a type of axial ametropia and no astigmatism and that can treat using spherical lens

spherical ametropia

what average of refractive error does 3 months have?

+3

what average of refractive error does 6 months?

+2.5

what average of refractive error does 9 months?

+2.25

what average of refractive error does 1 year have?

+2

what average of refractive error does 18 months have?

+1.5

what average of refractive error does 2 years have?

+1.25

what average of refractive error does 3 years have?

+1

what average of refractive error does 4 years have?

+0.5

what average of refractive error does 5 years have?

+0.5

what average of refractive error does 6 years have?

+0.5

it is result from laboratory tests or the findings

signs

it is subject where patients tell you what they feel

symptoms

visual acuity testing and refraction should be done when?

1-2 years

it is done by ophthalmologist or optometrist that accompany by refractive examination

comprehensive eye examination

greek word of myopia that means “to close the eye”

muopia

type of myopia that is temporary nearsightedness and environmentally induced

anomalous myopia

an anomalous myopia that occurs in low visibility conditions due to the fact that there is not an adequate stimulus to accommodation

night myopia

an anomalous myopia that occurs under photopic conditions when there are insufficient details in the central visual field to provide a stimulus to accommodation.

empty field myopia

an anomalous myopia that is simulated by the use of a pinhole

instrument myopia

myopia that is based on the rate of progression where it is low degree; not progressing.

stationary

myopia that is based on the rate of progression where it is progressing until early years of life only

temporarily progressive

myopia that is based on the rate of progression where it is high degree by age 15 years and continuously progressing throughout life.

permanently progressive

it is most frequent type; developing during the first 20 years of life, progressing but not exceeding 6-9 D.

low myopia

it develops after body growth has ceased but seldom reaches higher degrees and is related to close work.

late myopia

it is genetically or environmentally determined; onset is early and capable of reaching higher degrees causing severely reduced vision and degenerative changes in the eye over a period of years.

high myopia

based on etiology where it is due to correlation failure between the total refracting power of the eye and a normal axial length.

physiologic (low/simple)

based on etiology where it is due to an expansion of the posterior segment of the globe in excess of normal ocular growth

intermediate myopia (medium/moderate)

based on etiology where it is an ocular disease which brings about serious complications associated with elongation of the eye

pathologic myopia

it is by degree in very low

up to -1

it is by degree in low

-1.25 to -3

it is by degree in medium

-3.25 to -6

it is by degree in high

-6.25 to -10

it is by degree in very high

-10.25 and up

type of myopia where the normal eye that is either too long for its optical power, or, less commonly, too optically powerful for its axial length

simple myopia

type of myopia that occurs only in dim illumination and is due primarily to increased accommodative response associated with low levels of light.

nocturnal myopia

type of myopia that is result of an increase in ocular refractive power due to overstimulation of the eye's accommodative mechanism or ciliary spasm.

pseudomyopia

type of myopia where it is a high degree of myopia associated with degenerative changes in the posterior segment of the eye.

degenerative myopia

type of myopia that is result of an exposure to various pharmaceutical agents. Variation in blood sugar levels, nuclear sclerosis of the crystalline lens, or other anomalous conditions

induced myopia