Unit 14 - Urinary System - Paige Jones

What are the functions of the urinary system?

maintain water balance, salt balance, pH, and excreteion of metabolic waste products

What is urea?

major waste product formed by breakdown of proteins

What is uric acid?

2nd major waste product breakdown of old nucleaic acid

What are the four regions of the urinary system?

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethral canal

What is the function of the kidneys?

filters blood

What color are the kidneys?

reddish - brown

Where are the kidneys located?

behind the peritoneum

What is the renal medulla?

urine collecting ducts pass downwards the the pyramids (medulla) —— inner portion

What is the renal cortex?

outer portion

What is the renal hillium?

where arteries, ureter, entrance and exit

What are the nephrons?

renal tubules - cuboidal epithelial cells with microvilli

WHat is bowman’s capsule?

Bowman's capsule (or glomerular capsule) is a cup-shaped, double-walled sac at the start of the nephron in the kidney

What is the proximal convoluted tubule?

location for tubular reabsorbtion

What is the loop of Henle?

‘nephron loop’ located in the renal medulla

What is the distal convoluted tubule?

location for tubular secretion

What are the urine collecting ducts?

the nephrons empty into the urine collecting ducts which conduct urine down into the renal calyces of the ureter

What are the ureters?

10 inch long muscular tubes that conduct urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder by peristalsis

What is the urinary bladder?

a hollow muscular organ located just behind the pubic symphysis ( in the true pelvis)

What is the micturition?

peeing

What is the urethra?

waste from the bladder to the outside

How is the male urethra desribed?

conveys both urine and semen is about 8 inches long also divided into three regions

How is the female urethra described?

only about an 1.5 inches it opens just Anterior to the vaginal canal

WHat are the three regions of the male urethra?

Prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, and cavernous urethra

What is urethritis?

inflammation of the urethra

What is kidney agenesis?

when 1 kidney fails to develop in utero

What is glomerolunephritis?

inflammatiom of the glomerular capsule

What are kidney stones?

calcium oxalate — can obstruct flow of urine

What is cystitis?

inflammation of the bladder

What is dysuria?

difficulty urinating

What is uteral stenosis?

narrowing of the ureters

What is urethral stenosis?

narrowing of the urethra

What is a UTI?

urinary tract infection