SEM 2 5th Lecture

Insect-borne Diseases

NIPAH Virus

Discovered in 1999 - outbreak in pigs and people in malaysia and singapore

Bats

Source of NIPAH Virus

Henipaviruses

only zoonotic paramyxoviruses

oro-nasal route

NIPAH mode of transmission

lymphoid and respiratory tissues

suspected site of initial replication for the NIPAH Virus

endothelium

secondary site of replication for the NIPAH Virus

haematogenous route

CNS Invation of the NIPAH Virus

evasion of the innate immune response

High lethality of the NIPAH Virus is due to

Viral detection

spx collection for NIPAH symptomatic px or post-mortem

serologic testing

spx collection for late course of infection of NIPAH

transported at 2-8 degree C'

-20 degrees C beyond 48 hrs of collection

recommended storage for NIPAH Virus samples

BSL 4

Biosafety Level for NIPAH

2 weeks

NiV RNA can be detected for _______ post onset of illness

20 days to 1 month

Anti-NiV IgM in serum peaks _______ post exposure

up to a year

Anti-NiV IgG can persist for _______

Reak Time RT-PCR

recommended test for early detection of NIPAH

ELISA

Recommended test for IgG and

Dengue Virus

Acute febrile illness caused by sRNA

Aedes spp.

Carrier of Dengue

defervescence and lasts 24 to 48 hours

Dengue critical phase begins at

narrow pulse pressure as diastolic pressure increases

Compensatory physiologic mechanisms for dengue

the first week of illness

The risk of the person transmitting Chikungunya virus to a biting mosquito or through blood is highest during

Complete blood count with findings of elevated hematocrit and thrombocytopenia; Dengue NS1

recommended test for dengue

RT-PCR

Standard test for dengue

Complete blood count: leukopenia with relative

recommended test for chikungunya

IgM capture ELISA

most sentitive test for Chikungunya