circulation

Cardiac Cycle

The series of events that occur during one heartbeat, including the simultaneous contraction of the atria followed by the ventricles.

Electrical Conduction

The electrical activity that initiates contraction of the myocardium.

Coronary Arteries

Arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle.

Diastole

The phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscles relax and the chambers fill with blood.

Autonomic Nervous System

Part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary actions, affecting heart rate and vascular tone.

Baroreceptors

Sensors located in blood vessels that detect changes in blood pressure.

Decreased Cardiac Output

A condition where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s metabolic needs.

Impaired Tissue Perfusion

A reduction in blood flow to tissues, potentially leading to oxygen deprivation.

Beta-adrenergic Blocking Agents

Medications that reduce heart rate and myocardial contractility.

Calcium Channel Blocking Agents

Medications that prevent calcium from entering heart and blood vessel cells, reducing heart contractility.

Heart Failure

A condition in which the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs.

Dysrhythmias

Abnormal heart rhythms that can affect heart efficiency and blood circulation.

Peripheral Tissue Perfusion

The supply of blood to the extremities and tissues outside the heart and brain.

CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)

A lifesaving technique used in emergencies when someone's heartbeat or breathing has stopped.

Promote Circulation

Actions taken to enhance blood flow throughout the body.

Clot Formation

The process where blood cells begin to stick together, leading to the formation of a thrombus (blood clot).

Anemia

A condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, leading to decreased oxygen transport.

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

A condition that occurs when carbon monoxide builds up in the bloodstream, preventing the blood from carrying oxygen to cells.