External parasites 2

What parasite is Otodectes cynotis?

Ear mite

What animals are the definitive hosts of Otodectes cynotis?

Dogs, cats, and ferrets

Where does Otodectes cynotis live on the host?

External ear canal

How is Otodectes cynotis transmitted?

Direct contact from host to host

What is the most common clinical sign of Otodectes cynotis?

Ear infection

Is Otodectes cynotis zoonotic?

Yes, but rare

How does Otodectes cynotis appear?

Fairly large, white, motile

Can Otodectes cynotis be seen without a microscope?

Sometimes, with the naked eye

What type of legs does Otodectes cynotis have?

Short, unjointed legs with suckers

What is the life cycle length of Otodectes cynotis?

About 3 weeks

How long do adult Otodectes cynotis live?

About 2 months

Name treatments for Otodectes cynotis.

Milbemite, Revolution, Advantage Multi, Simparica, Bravecto

Are there medications that kill Otodectes cynotis eggs?

No

What is the general body shape of ticks?

Dorsoventrally flattened

What is the capitulum in ticks?

The head region with mouthparts

What are chelicerae?

Cutting/lacerating organs

What is the hypostome?

Anchor-like sucking organ

What are pedipalps?

Sensory/support structures

What is the scutum?

Hard chitinous plate on ticks

How many legs do tick larvae have?

6

How many legs do tick nymphs and adults have?

8

Do ticks have eyes?

No

What types of diseases can ticks transmit?

Parasitic, viral, and rickettsial diseases

What is tick paralysis?

Toxic salivary secretion causing numbness or paralysis

How is tick paralysis treated?

Remove the tick

What are the two families of ticks?

Argasid (soft) and Ixodid (hard)

Which tick family is most important in veterinary medicine?

Ixodid (hard ticks)

What are the life stages of ticks?

Egg, larva (seed tick), nymph, adult

What happens after a female tick feeds?

Becomes engorged, drops off, and lays eggs

What are seed ticks?

Larval stage ticks

How do ticks find hosts?

Questing using CO₂, heat, and pheromones

What environmental conditions do ticks dislike?

Sunlight, dryness, heavy rainfall

Can ticks survive winter?

Yes, with reduced activity

How long can ticks survive without feeding?

2-3 years

What is required before female ticks can lay eggs?

Blood meal and fertilization

What is the preferred host of Rhipicephalus sanguineus?

Dogs

What diseases are associated with Rhipicephalus sanguineus?

Ehrlichiosis and Babesia

What bacteria causes human ehrlichiosis from ticks?

Ehrlichia ewingii

What bacteria causes canine ehrlichiosis?

Ehrlichia canis

What protozoa is transmitted by ticks causing babesiosis?

Babesia

What is Ixodes scapularis commonly known as?

Deer tick

What disease is Ixodes scapularis known for transmitting?

Lyme disease

What disease is also transmitted by Ixodes scapularis?

Anaplasmosis

What bacteria causes human anaplasmosis?

Anaplasma phagocytophilum

What bacteria causes canine anaplasmosis?

Anaplasma platys

What is Dermacentor variabilis known for transmitting?

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

What bacteria causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

Rickettsia rickettsii

What are clinical signs of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

Fever, headache, rash, focal hemorrhage

Why is Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever dangerous?

Life-threatening, may cause amputations or disability

What is the treatment for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

Doxycycline

What is the Canine 4DX test?

Test for heartworm, Lyme, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma

What is the best method for tick control?

Prevention

How can tick exposure be reduced?

Checking after hikes and using preventatives

What vaccine can help prevent tick-borne disease?

Lyme vaccine

What is the face fly?

Musca autumnalis

What does the face fly feed on?

Secretions from eyes, nose, and mouth

What host does the face fly prefer?

Cattle

What is the horse fly?

Tabanus

What do female horse flies feed on?

Blood

What do male horse flies feed on?

Plants

What is notable about horse fly bites?

Painful

What are physical features of horse flies?

Large size, metallic eyes, weak mouthparts

What is the stable fly?

Stomoxys

What is another name for the stable fly?

Biting house fly or filth fly

What do stable flies feed on?

Blood

What hosts do stable flies prefer?

Cattle and horses

Can stable flies bite humans and dogs?

Yes

What is the North American bot fly?

Cuterebra fontinella

What is the most common host of Cuterebra fontinella?

Mice

What other animals can be hosts for bot flies?

Rabbits, rodents, cats, dogs, humans

What are warbles?

Subcutaneous swellings caused by larvae