MOOD DISORDERS

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to mood disorders, including definitions of conditions, treatments, and theoretical models.

Mood Disorders

Mental health disorders that primarily affect a person's emotional state, including conditions like depression and bipolar disorder.

Unipolar Depression

Mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest, without episodes of mania.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

A unipolar disorder marked by the presence of one or more Major Depressive Episodes, characterized by a range of symptoms affecting emotions, cognition, and behavior.

Dysthymia

Chronic mild depression, characterized by depressed mood lasting for at least two years with few or no symptom-free periods.

Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)

A long-term form of depression where a person experiences a low mood for at least two years.

Bipolar Disorder

Mood disorder characterized by episodes of depression and mania or hypomania.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

Severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) that significantly impairs daily functioning; includes emotional and physical symptoms.

Anhedonia

Inability to feel pleasure; a common symptom of major depressive disorder.

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers in the brain that play a key role in mood regulation, including serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A type of psychotherapy that treats problems by modifying dysfunctional emotions, behaviors, and thoughts through a goal-oriented, systematic procedure.

Etiology

The study of the causes or origins of a condition, in this case, mood disorders.

Learned Helplessness

A theory suggesting that individuals may develop depression when they feel they have no control over the events in their lives, resulting in a sense of helplessness.

Serotonin

A neurotransmitter that is involved in regulating mood, and is often found to be deficient in individuals with depression.

Mania

A state of abnormally elevated or irritable mood, arousal, and energy levels, often seen in bipolar disorder.

Psychomotor Agitation

A syndrome characterized by restlessness, inability to sit still, and increased physical activity, often linked to anxiety or mood disorders.

Fatigue

Extreme tiredness resulting from mental or physical exertion or illness, a common symptom in mood disorders.

Cognitive Triad

A framework that identifies three negative thought patterns regarding oneself, the world, and the future that contribute to depression.

Euthymic Mood

A stable, moderate mood that is neither depressed nor elevated, commonly considered a baseline state.

Epidemiology

The study and analysis of the distribution and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations.

Neurobiological Factors

Biological processes in the brain and nervous system that can contribute to mood disorders.

Social Support

Emotional and practical support received from family, friends, and the community, which can influence mental health outcomes.

Relapse

The return of symptoms after a period of improvement, often seen in mood disorders post-treatment.