Fish Pt. 1

Gnathostomata

________ is derived from the Greek words "gnathos, "which means jaw, and "stoma, "which means mouth.

Birds

________ also have a unique respiratory system, with air sacs that allow them to take in air continuously.

Mammals

________ are endothermic, meaning that they regulate their body temperature internally.

Reptiles

________ are ectothermic, meaning that they regulate their body temperature by taking in external heat sources.

Rays

________ dig into the sand or mud with their mouths, push water via spiracles, and out through the gill slits located at the bottom of their body, allowing them to breathe without disturbing the seafloor.

suck fluids

Instead of jaws, hagfishes and lampreys have a circular mouth lined with numerous sharply pointed teeth which they use to grasp onto and ________ from their prey.

Sea Lamprey

The ________ was first reported in a Great Lake, Lake Erie, in 1921.

lateral line system

The ________ and ampullary organs of Lorenzini are sensory structures that allow sharks to detect and locate prey, as well as sense changes in their environment.

notochord

The ________ is a rigid, hollow dorsal nerve cord that forms most of the axial skeleton in vertebrate embryos.

adult Sea Lamprey enters

The ________ freshwater rivers to spawn during spring, where their larvae hatch and develop into ‘ ammocoetes, a worm- like form that are filter feeders that burrow into soft sediments of the riverbeds.

Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus

The ________ has a complex life history with various stages that make it challenging to manage and prevent its impact on ecosystems.

Great Lakes

The ________ are an ideal habitat for the species due to the favorable temperature, ample food sources, and the absence of natural predators.

Sea Lamprey

The ________ matures over 12- 20 months while they feed on the host fish, which results in the death of the host fish.

lateral line system

Together, the ________ and ampullary organs of Lorenzini allow sharks to navigate their environment, locate prey, and sense changes in their environment such as changes in water temperature or pressure.

Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus

The ________ is a parasitic fish species that has a complex life cycle, involving several stages of development.

Sea Lamprey

The ________ is known as an ‘ invasive species because they were introduced to a new habitat, the Great Lakes, and they negatively impact the native species and the environment by being overly predatory.

lateral line system

The ________ is a series of canals and sensory cells that run along the sides of a shark's body, from the head to the tail.

Gnathostomata

Gnathostomata is a term used to describe a group of vertebrates that possess a hinged jaw, which is composed of two pairs of jaws

Jawed fishes

Jawed fish, also known as gnathostomes or jawed vertebrates, are fish that have a hinged jaw

This group includes three classes of fish

Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish), Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish), and Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish)

Amphibians

Amphibians are a group of animals that are characterized by their ability to live on land and in water

Reptiles

Reptiles are a group of animals that are characterized by their scaly skin and the presence of a hinged jaw

Birds

Birds are a group of animals that are characterized by their feathers, wings, and beaked jaws

Mammals

Mammals are a group of animals that are characterized by their hair or fur, mammary glands that produce milk for their young, and a hinged jaw