Sink or swim 🫩

What is the function of the pituitary gland

The master gland that is in charge of releasing TSH and ACTH

what are the 2 heart muscles

the papillary muscles and myocardium

What is TSH hormone

A thyroid stimulating hormone secreted by the pituitary gland

What is the functions of T3 and T4

They help with regulating metabolism, growth, and development and help maintain homeostasis

What is the function of the hypothalamus

Main center in the brain that releases releasing hormones such as TRH

What is the function of Parafollicular cells?

They help produce and secrete calcitonin

what’s the difference between hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism

Hyperthyroidism is when our thyroid is overactive and is producing too much hormone. Hypothyroidism means our thyroid is under active

What do you need to make T3 and T4

Iodine and turoglobulin to make T3 and T4

What is hyposecretion in adults called ?

Myxedema

What is hyposecretion in children called ?

Crentinism

What is the condition of hypersecretion called.

Graves’ disease

What is the function of Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)

Helps store and release sugar in our body and also helps us maintain our blood Pressure

Function of melatonin

Helps regulate our sleep schedule and circadian rhythms

What is the function of Alpha cells

Secrete glucagon which helps increase blood glucose levels

What is the function of Beta cells

Help secrete insulin into the blood stream to help lower glucose levels

When is insulin used?

when blood glucose levels are high

When is glaucagon used

When glucose levels are low and need to be raised

What is the importance of insulin and glaucogen

They both help maintain stable blood glucose levels making sure it’s never too high or too low

The pancreas is both a ___ organ

Exocrine and endocrine

What is the difference between Endocrine and exocrine organs

Endocrine are ductless and secrete hormones directly into the blood stream while exocrine glands use ducts to release substances onto surfaces

What is the main function of the pineal gland

It produces melatonin which helps regulate circadian rhythms

During fight or flight which hormone is released

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

What occurs when someone has a Hyperopic eye

The focal point is located behind the retina causing the person to have farsightedness.

What occurs when someone has a myopic eye

The focal point is being located in front of the retina causing nearsightedness

What are rods for

To see in the dark

What do cones help with

Help with seeing color

What is fovea centrallis where is it located

High concentration of cones located in the posterior part of the eye

What happens in the dark with our rods

Our iris dilates to send more light to our rods

What happens In the light with our fovea centralis

our iris constricts so light can go to our fovea centrialis

What’s the definition of depolarization

To have cell activation ( or to make the cell more positive)

Explain the physiology of a rod in the dark

The rod depolarizes and hyperpolarizes the bipolar cell and no action potential occurs

Explain the physiology of a rod in the light

The rod hyperpolarizes and depolarizes the bipolar cell and action potential occurs

what is light adaptation

Dark to light

What is dark adaptation

Light to dark

Where is the fovea centralis

In the posterior part of the eye Above the retina where there is a high concentration of cones

What is glaucoma

Overproduction of aqueous humor

Aqueous humor is the

fluid in the anterior part of the eye

Vitreous humor is located in?

The posterior chamber of the eyE

What is glaucoma

The build up of aqueous humor due to the blockage of the scleral Venus sinus causing pressure on the lens which gets pushed back to the posterior chamber of the eye causing pressure on the fovea centralis which will cause the lost of peripheral vision and later in the loss of central vision

If you look up what eye muscle are you using

Lateral rectus, inferior oblique

What eye muscles do we use when we look vertically

Lateral rectus muscle

Is spicy a taste sensation

No Because it only stimulates our pain receptors