Class 10 Chemistry: Chemical Reactions and Equations

A set of vocabulary-style flashcards based on lecture notes covering the fundamentals of chemical reactions, equations, experimental observations of magnesium, and the law of conservation of mass.

Chemical Reaction

The transformation of a chemical substance into another chemical substance, such as the rusting of iron, digestion of food, or respiration.

Chemical Equation

The representation of a chemical reaction using symbols and formulae of the substances involved.

Characteristics of Chemical Reactions

Indicators of a reaction including formation of new substances, change in color, evolution of gas, heat changes, formation of a precipitate, irreversibility, and change in state of matter.

Magnesium Ribbon Preparation

The process of rubbing a magnesium ribbon (about $2\,cm$ long) with sandpaper to remove the oxide layer, allowing it to burn more easily.

Magnesium Oxide ($MgO$)

A white powder formed due to the reaction between magnesium and oxygen in the air when a magnesium ribbon burns with a dazzling white flame.

Reaction of Magnesium and Oxygen

Represented by the symbols $Mg + O_2 \rightarrow MgO$.

Balanced Chemical Equation

A chemical equation that has an equal number of atoms of each element on both the reactant and product sides.

Law of Conservation of Mass

A fundamental principle stating that in a chemical reaction, the mass of reactants is equal to the mass of products.

Example of a Balanced Equation

$3Fe + 4H_2O \rightarrow Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2$, where the number of atoms of each element in the reactants equals the number of atoms of each element in the products.