History Key Terms: Term 1

:o

Carvel

a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th-17th centuries

Colonization

the action or process of settling among and establishing control over the indigenous people of an area

Exploration

the action of travelling in or through an unfamiliar area to learn about it

Bering Strait

A very narrow strip of sea between Siberia and Alaska

Clan

a close-knit

Tribe

A social group comprising of numerous families or clans, with a common culture and leaders

Caravan

A group of travelers such as merchants or pilgrims travelling together for safety

Orient

Asia, countries of the east

Cathay

the name give to China by medieval Europe

Trade winds

winds that start at the north pole and flow south but due to the earth's rotation it is diverted at the equator and travels from east to west

Cipangu

Marco Polo’s name for Japan

Gulf stream

a sea current that flows out of the Gulf of Mexico into the North Atlantic

Compass

an instrument containing a magnetic pointer with the direction of magnetic north and bearings from it

Cartographer

a person who makes maps

Map

a detailed diagram representing an area of land and sea

Silk Road

Caravan routes connecting China and the Middle East across Central Asia and Iran

Haciendas

 large farms

Caballeros

spanish horsemen

Hidalgo

spanish nobleman

Audiencia

Appeal court made up of several judges

Viceroy

 Head of spanish colonies

Alcaldas Ordinaros

Elected magistrates

Regidores

 Members of the council

Tribute

A payment made by one state or ruler to another

Hawksbell

Trinkets given to the Tainos by the Spaniards, which were used as measures for the gold dust that the Spaniards demanded

Caique

An Arawak chief

Conquistador

A Spanish soldier

Taino

Good or noble

Encomienda

A grant of Indian labor in return for the trust of education, housing and converting them to Christianity.

Repartimientos

A system of allocating slave labor to Spanish settlers by crown officials

Genocide

The deliberate extermination of a race or group, the killing of a whole people

Missionary

A person sent on a religious mission to convert others to Christianity

Heathen

Someone who does not follow mainstream religions