Study for Final Bio Lab 2(final week or my final week)

for my final for BIOL 1123, Dr. A

The outermost germ layer which develops into the skin and nervous system, is called

Ectoderm

Organisms with 3 distinct germ layers (ectoderm,mesoderm,endoderm) are called

Triploblastic

Which extraordinary ability is mentioned as a characteristic of some free-living flatworms?

the ability to regenerate heads or tails if severed

How do free-living flatworms typically move(glide) across surfaces in their enviornment?

Using a ciliated ventral epidermis

What specialized stinging cells do Cnidarians use for defense and capturing prey?

Cnidocytes

Which of the following phyla possess an incomplete digestive system (a gastrovascular cavity with only one opening)?

Cnidaria and Platyhelminthes

Which of the following sets of characteristics describes traits shared by all members of the kingdom Animalia?

Multicellular,Hetertrophic,Eukaryotic

Which of the following statements correctly identifies the structural difference between acoelomate and a pseudocoelomate?

A coelomate has a cavity completely surrounded by mesoderm, but a pseudocoelomate has a cavity bordered by both mesoderm and endoderm

Which set of characteristics best describes the members of the phylum Platyhelminthes?

Bilateral Symmetry, acoelomate, and a dorsoventrally flattened body

Which of the following correctly pairs the unique identifying features of Phylum Rotifera with its major digestive advancement?

Features: Corona and Mastax:Advancement; A complete digestive tract(mouth and anus)

Which of the following correctly matches the symmetry type with its description and a representative phylum?

Asymmetry; no specific pattern or plane of symmetry; exhibited by phylum porifera

Which of the following best describes the feeding mechanism of sponges and the specific role of choanocytes?

Sponges filler water through pores/choanocytes use flagella to create water current, collars to trap food

Which of the following correctly pairs examples of flatworms with their unique body structures and their major evolutionary advancement (Milestone)?

Planariands/Tapeworms:Anatomy Scolex (head) Proglottids (Seguments) of distinct head

Which of the following sets of features correctly identifies the major distinguishes characteritics of the phylum Cnidaria?

Radial Symmetry, possesses cnidocytes, and shows tissue-level organization

Which set of features is characteristic of the phylum Porifera?

Spicules, choanocytes, no true-tissue level organization

Which of the following correctly matches a germ layer with its primary function and identifies the layer unique to triploblastic organisms?

Mesoderm develops into muscles and the circulatory system, a layer unique to triploblastic animals

Is Phylum Annelida a coelomate or a pseudocoelomate?

A coelomate

Which of the following groups lacks a well-developed ,complex excertory system?

Nematoda

How do aquatic mollusks, such as clams and oysters, facilitate gas exchange?

Using gills located within the mantle cavity

Classifying a new marine specimen that is unsegmented and exhibits bilateral symmetry. Which of the following sets of 5 structures must be present for the organism to be placed in Phylum Mollusks, with primary function included?

Muscular Foot (locomotion), Visceral Mass (Organ Housing), Mantle (Shell Section), Mantle Cavity ( Respiration), Radula (Feeding)

Which of the following accurately describes the major evolutionary developments first seen in Phylum Annelids and Phylum Mollusca?

Annelids: True body segmentation, Mollusks: Mantle, Visceral Mass, Foot

Correct sorting of Phylum: Roundworms, Ribbon worms, C. Elegons, Earthworms, and Leeches. Which option has the correct classifications?

Phylum Nematoda:Roundworms and C. elegons, Phylum Nemertea: Ribbon Worms, Phylum Annelida: Earthworms and Leeches

Which of the following lists of animals accurately represent the diveristy of the Phylum Mollusca?

Garden Snails, Giant Clams, and Common Octopuses

Worm-like organism that is triploblastic/bilateral symmetry/ Which combination of features belongs to Phylum Nemertea rather than Nematoda?

The presence of a closed circulatory system and an eversible proboscis

Triploblastic,eucoelomate protosome, unsegmented. Which morphological features would identify with Phylum Mollusca?

A muscular foot, a visceral mass containing internal organs, and a mantle that may secrete a calcium carbonate shell

Triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical worm in a damp terrestrial habitat. Which would be classified as a member of Phylum Annelida?

A segumented body plan, a true coelom, protostome development, a closed circulatory system

Which of the following best summarizes the anatomical and physiological systems of a typical nematode?

A complete digestive system, a collagen and chitin-rich cuticle acting as an exoskeleton. nervous system consisting of a head ganglion and 4 nerve cords

What is the primary difference between an open and a closed circulatory system, which configuration is found in Phylum Mollusca?

Open Systems allow blood to flow freely in the body cavity, most mollusks and open, while cephalopods are the exception with a closed system

Unsegmented, ribbon-like marine worm. Classify this organism as a member of the Phylum Nemertea?

A complete digestive system, a closed circulatory system, and an ereversible proboscis housed within a rhynchoccel

Mention the body symmetry seen at the larvel stage in an Echinoderm

larvel stage is bilateral symmetry

What is the primary function of the greenglands in aquatic crustaceans?

Excretion and Osmoregulation

What is the primary component of the arthropod exoskeleton?

Chitin

What is the main function of the “hemal system” in Echinoderms

Transport nutrients, gases, and coelomic fluid throughout the body

What is the primary function of the crop in a grasshopper’s digestive system?

It stores food temporarily before it passes into the stomach

What is the primary function of the gastric caeca in a grasshopper?

They secrete digestive enzymes and increase the surface area for nutrient absorption

Which of the following correctly describes the difference between protosomes and deutrosomes?

In protostomes, the blastospores becomes the mouth, in deuterostome, the blastospore becomes the anus

Which of the following correctly compares endoskeleton and exoskeleton?

Endoskeletons are internal and grow with the animal, while exoskeletons are external and must be molted to allow for growth

Which of the following correctly distinguishes the functions of the trachea and malpighian tubules in a grasshopper?

The trachea transport oxygen directly to cells, while Malpighian tubules remove metabolic waste from the hemolymph

Which of the following best summarizes the anatomical and physiological system of a typical member of Phylum Arthropoda?

An open circulatory system with a hemocoel, a chitinous exoskeleton requiring molting for growth, and a ventral nerve cord

Which of the following summarizes the pros and cons of the arthopod exoskeleton?

It protects internal organs and prevents drying out, but it is rigid and required molting to grow

How do the water vascular and hemal systems function in echinoderms?

The water vascular system facilitate locomotion via tube feet, while the hemal system transports nutrients

Which of the following best summarizes the anatomical and physiological systems of a typical member of Phylum Echinoderm?

Pentradial symmetry in adults, a calcium carbonate endoskeleton, locomotion via water vascular system, and deuterostome development

Give an example of Invertebrate chordates

Cephalochordata(lancelets), Urochordata(Tunicates)

What does the notochord convert to?

They turn into vertebrates

How are Hagfish and Lampreys different from other fish

They are Jawless fish

Give a characteristic specific to Chondrichthyes and not to other animals

Skeleton made out of cartilage, a lightweight material, paired fins

Give two ways how amphibian does respiration. What is metamorphosis?

They have 2 ways lungs and gills. Metamorphosis is a transition from tadpole (post-anal tail and gilld) into breathing with lungs and having legs

What are four parts of terrestrial eggs? (Do not include shell or embryo)

Yolk sac, Amnion, Allantois, Chorion, Yolk, Albumen,Amniotic cavity

Give two characteritics specific to mammals and not to other animals

They have hair and mammary glands