Antimicrobial Design and Resistance MCQs

What does the Gram staining relies on to differentiate bacteria?

Difference in the cell wall

What is meant by spectrum of action?

It indicates the type of bacteria that are susceptible to an antibacterial agents

Which of the following statements about classes of antibacterial is incorrect

Antibacterial agents of different classes always target different structures in the bacterial cell

Which of the following structures is a beta-lactam?

C

Which is the mechanism of action of beta lactams?

Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

Which statement about penicillins mechanism of action is incorrect?

Penicillins are active only against Gram positive bacteria

What is beta lactamase?

The bacterial enzyme responsible for beta lactams resistance

Which antibacterial agent does NOT inhibit cell wall synthesis?

Chloramphenicol

How can we define an antibacterial agent that prevents the replication and/or growth of bacteria but relies on the immune system of the patient to eradicate the infection completely?

A bacteriostatic agent

Why is bacitracin recommended for the treatment of topical infection?

Because it is not stable in solution and poorly absorbed

What do aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines and oxazolidinones have in common?

They all inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria

Which of the following classes of antibacterial agents is obtained by chemical synthesis?

Oxazolidinones

Which of the following agents is toxic for newborns?

Chloramphenicol

Gentamicin is an antimicrobial agent that belongs to the class of aminoglycosides. Aminoglycosides are characterised by several rings of amino-sugars linked together. Which amongst the following is gentamicin?

B

What is the mechanism of action of quinolones?

Quinolones bind to DNA gyrase and topoisomerase preventing the coiling of the bacterial DNA