BIOL 2510 Lab Practical 2 - Auburn University

How would a vegetarian diet effect urine pH?

increase

The common carotid is an example of what type of blood vessel

Elastic

The addition of aldosterone acting on the distal convolution tubule cells in the nephron will

Decrease urine volume

Aldosterone increases _________ re-absorption from the distal tubular to the body.

Na+

As food travels through the digestive track, in which of the following is no digestion or absorption taking place?

Esophagus

Using spirometry a patients' TLC was found to be 2.0 liters, the predictive value for this patient was 4.6 liters. Just considering this one value what is the likely condition of the patient?

Restrictive Lung Disease

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Pulverize lumps of food in the stomach

Peristalsis

The femoral arteries are an example of what type of blood vessel

Elastic Arteries

Increasing angiotensin II in the blood vessels will _______________ blood pressure.

Increase

The addition of aldosterone acting on the distal convolution tubule cells in the nephron will _______.

Decrease the urine volume

A patients' FVC= 1.2 while the predicted value is 3.0, how should this be interpreted?

Reduction

The darker the urine the lower the concentration of solutes in the urine.

False

As food travels through the digestive track, in which of the following do resident bacteria break down indigestible carbohydrates and synthesize vitamin K?

Large Intestine

The darker the urine the higher the concentration of solutes in the urine.

True

When you inhale air flows from the right and left bronchi to the __________

Bronchioles

Their role is the exchange of materials between the blood and the interstitial fluid

The previous statement is a characteristic of a ⊃

Capillary

Which of the following would result in a decrease in glomerular capillary pressure?

increasing the efferent arteriole diameter and decreasing the afferent arteriole diameter

What is the name for the "ball" of capillaries found in the renal corpuscle?

glomerulus

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Mix contents of stomach with gastric secretion

Peristalsis

Glucose is the only solute in the filtrate of blood that has carry proteins in the proximal tubule of the nephron.

False

Blood pressure in the capillaries is higher than in the muscular arteries

False

"Amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions"

Tidal Volume (TV)

Lipid rich meals take longer to digest than carbohydrate rich meals.

True

You have just measured your respiratory volumes in lab and find that your Tidal volume = 1.0 L , Inspiratory reserve volume = 2.2 L and your Expiratory reserve volume is= 1.8 L and your Residual Volume is predicted to be 2. What is your Inspiratory capacity?

3.2 L

There is a maximum to the amount of glucose that can be reabsorbed from the proximal tubule of the nephron.

True

You have just measured your respiratory volumes in lab and find that your Tidal volume = 0.8 L , Inspiratory reserve volume = 1.8 L and your Expiratory reserve volume is= 1.2 L and your Residual Volume is predicted to be 2. What is your Functional residual capacity?

3.2 L

Presence of both ketone bodies and glucose in blood

Diabetes Mellitus

The smallest ones drain capillaries

The previous statement is a characteristic of a ⊃

Venules

"Amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal tidal volume inhalation"

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

Glucose is not a large molecule and thus is filtered out of the plasma into the Bowman's capsule as part of the filtrate.

True

The subclavian artery is an example of what type of blood vessel

Elastic

The functions of the nephron include all of the following EXCEPT

Glomerular secretion

Which of the following would decrease glomerular filtration rate?

increasing the efferent arteriole radius and decreasing the afferent arteriole radius

"oxygen loading and carbon dioxide unloading between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries"

External respiration

As a person becomes dehydrated the specific gravity of his urine will

Increase

What factor would result in PARTIAL digestion of a carbohydrate?

Placing tubes in ice

As food travels through the digestive track, the absorption of nutrients from the digested food into the body happens in the

Small intestine

When you exhale air flows from the respiratory bronchioles to the

Terminal bronchioles

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Gastric accommodation of a meal

Receptive relaxation

As food travels through the digestive track, the absorption of water and salt back into the body happens in the

Large intestine

The secretion of ADH is directly stimulated by

a change in body fluid osmolality

Experience the least pressure

The previous statement is a characteristic of a ⊃

Vein

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Mix food with saliva

Chewing

As a person becomes more hydrated (drinks a lot of water) the specific gravity of his urine will

Decrease

With ADH added to a nephron, but in the absence of aldosterone,

the potassium concentration of urine will increase and urine volume decreased

Walls consist of just a thin tunica intima

The previous statement is a characteristic of a ⊃

Capillary

Sweep undigested contents of the stomach and small intestine into the terminal ieum

Migrating motility complex

A persons breathing rate is 10 breaths/min, their ERV=1.200L; IRV=3.091L; RV=1.200L; TV=0.499L; and their FEV1= 3.541L. What is their minute ventilation?

4.99 L/min (TV x RR)

is a progressive wave of muscle contractions.

Peristalsis

"total amount of air lungs can hold"

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

Which of the following would result in an increase in glomerular filtration rate?

decreasing the efferent arteriole diameter and increasing the afferent arteriole diameter

Blood flow is pulsing as it travels through veins.

False

is a hormone that precisely regulates the final amount of sodium reabsorbed from the filtrate in the distal convoluted tubule into the blood.

Aldosterone

ADH is produced in the

Hypothalamus

You have a patient that has come into the office with the complained that he doesn't seem to be getting enough air. You do a quick Spirometry test to get a basic idea of what is going on. You find

FEV1/FVC = 85%; TV and TLC: average; FEV1= 85% of predicted

Normal - more tests

When you inhale air flows from the respiratory bronchioles to the

Alveolar ducts

Cardiac output has what relationship to Blood Pressure?

Decreased cardiac output decreases Blood Pressure

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Empty the stomach

Peristalsis

Exercising patient:

In which time period is his body secreting its highest amount of ADH (Antidiuretic hormone)?

Immediately after exercise

Most enzyme work best at an optimal temperature which is

37 Degrees C

Carbohydrate rich meals take longer to digest than lipid rich meals.

False

Because the alteration of the afferent or efferent arteriole radii occurs within the nephron, we refer to this mechanism to maintain homeostasis as

Intrinsic

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Bring chyme repeatedly into contact with absorptive epithelium

Segmentation

Which is the correct order for items that inter the digestive track?

Food, bolus, chyme, feces

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Mechanical breakdown of food

Chewing

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Promotes absorption of small amounts of fluid in the large intestine

Segmentation

initiates primary peristalsis in the esophagus

Swallowing

Blood flow is pulsing as it travels through arterioles.

True

The secretion of aldosterone is directly stimulated by

Angiotensin II

In an exercising individual, the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus in a nephron will __________ to avoid excess fluid loss.

Constrict

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Propel bolus through the esophagus

Peristalsis

Exposed to the highest pressures of any vessels

The previous statement is a characteristic of a ⊃

Artery

You have just measured your respiratory volumes in lab and find that your Tidal volume = 1.0 L , Inspiratory reserve volume = 2.2 L and your Expiratory reserve volume is= 1.8 L and your Residual Volume is predicted to be 2. What is your Vital Capacity?

5.0 L (TV + IRV + ERV)

Altering the radii of the afferent and efferent arterioles provides for

glomerular filtration rate homeostasis and glomerular hydrostatic pressure homeostasis

There is a maximum to the amount of glucose that can be reabsorbed from the proximal tubule of the nephron.

True

When the beaker pressure was lowered, which of the following decreased?

glomerular pressure, glomerular filtration rate and urine volume

Decreased levels of CO2 in the blood will __________ blood pH.

Increase

Which of the following would decrease glomerular filtration rate?

increasing the efferent arteriole radius and decreasing the afferent arteriole radius

" =TV + IRV + ERV"

Vital capacity (VC)

Which is not a secondary function of the kidney?

Maintaining blood oxygen levels

Vasopressin is a blood-borne vasoconstrictor.

True

Blood pressure in the venules is higher than in arterioles.

False

The smallest vessels

The previous statement is a characteristic of a ⊃

Capillary

What is the name for the "ball" of capillaries found in the renal corpuscle?

Glomerulus

What is(are) the driving force(s) for filtration in the nephron?

hydrostatic pressure gradients, osmotic pressure gradients and Starling forces

As a person becomes dehydrated the specific gravity of his urine will

Increase

What is the primary function of kidney?

Removal of nitrogenous wastes from the blood

Because the alteration of the afferent or efferent arteriole occurs within the nephron, we refer to this mechanism as

Intrinsic

The left subclavian artery is an example of what type of blood vessel

Elastic artery

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Propel feces to the rectum for evacuation

Mass Movement

When blood pressure increases, what changes can occur to maintain glomerular filtration rate?

constriction of the afferent arteriole and dilation of the efferent arteriole

What type of motility is associated with the digestive function below?

Mix Chyme with intestinal secretions

Segmentation

When you exhale air flows from the Alveoli to the

Alveolar sacs

"Maximum amount of air that can be inspired after a normal expiration"

Inspiratory capacity (IC)

Blood pressure in the capillaries is higher than in the venules

True

The frequency of segmentation contractions in the small intestine is slowest in the duodenum.

False

A substance that causes a blood vessel to decrease its diameter is a

Vasoconstrictor

You have a patient that has come into the office with the complained that he doesn't seem to be getting enough air. You do a quick Spirometry test to get a basic idea of what is going on. You find:

FEV1/FVC = 72%; TV and TLC: above average; FEV1= 62% of predicted

Obstructive Lung Disorder

Urine is the most concentrated

With both ADH and aldosterone

You have a patient whose hematocrit 43%. A month later their hematocrit is 51%. Just looking at this would you expect their blood pressure to be ____ or lower than it was the first time

Higher