midterm 1-4

Reinforcement: _____

Environmental change following a response, increases future probability.

Punishment: _____

Environmental change following a response, decreases future probability

Automaticity: _____

Automatic effect of reinforcement and punishment

Appetitive stimulus effect:

Presented following behavior: _____

Functions as positive reinforcement

Appetitive stimulus effect:

Withdrawn following behavior: _____

Functions as negative punishment

Appetitive stimulus effect:

Abates behavior that: _____

Terminated it in the past

Aversive stimulus effect:

Presented following behavior: _____

Functions as positive punishment

Aversive stimulus effect:

Withdrawn following behavior: _____

Functions as negative reinforcement

Aversive stimulus effect:

Evokes behavior that: _____

Terminated it in the past

Positive reinforcement:

Following a response: _____

Appetitive stimulus presented or magnified, increases future probability

Positive reinforcer: _____

The appetitive stimulus presented following a response

Negative reinforcement:

Following a response: _____

Aversive stimulus removed or attenuated, increases future probability

Escape behavior: _____

Behavior that terminates an aversive stimulus

Avoidance behavior: _____

Behavior that terminates a warning stimulus, prevents aversive stimulus

Escape behavior & avoidance behavior:

Maintained by: _____

Negative reinforcement

Positive punishment:

Following a response: _____

Aversive stimulus presented or magnified, decreases future probability

Positive punisher: _____

The aversive stimulus presented following a response

Negative punishment:

Following a response: _____

Appetitive stimulus removed or attenuated, decreases future probability

Unconditioned reinforcer: _____

Reinforcing stimulus, did not require prior learning

Conditioned reinforcer: _____

Stimulus that acquired reinforcing properties through conditioning

Generalized conditioned reinforcer: _____

Conditioned reinforcer paired with variety of other reinforcers, effective for range of behaviors

Unconditioned punisher: _____

Punishing stimulus, did not require prior learning

Conditioned punisher: _____

Stimulus that acquired punishing properties through conditioning

Generalized conditioned punisher: _____

Conditioned punisher paired with variety of other punishers, effective for range of behaviors

Automatic reinforcement: _____

Reinforcement for the response is produced by the response

Automatic punishment: _____

Punishment for the response is produced by the response

Socially mediated reinforcement: _____

Reinforcement is mediated by another person

Socially mediated punishment: _____

Punishment is mediated by another person

Unplanned contingency: _____

Not explicitly arranged

Planned contingency: _____

Explicitly arranged by a person

Food, water, return to normal temperature, sexual activity: examples of: _____

Unconditioned positive reinforcers

Unconditioned positive punisher: _____

Stimulus that naturally causes pain

Extinction schedule (EXT): _____

Behavior is never reinforced

Recovery from punishment: _____

Reemergence of previously punished behavior after punishment is discontinued

Differential reinforcement (DR): _____

Procedure involving reinforcement and extinction

DR: stands for: _____

Differential Reinforcement

Differentiation: result when: _____

DR is based on different response topographies

Response generalization: _____

Same stimulus condition has the same effect on different response topographies

Shaping: _____

DR used to gradually change topography or dimension of a response

Science is a systematic approach to: ______

Understanding natural phenomena

Behavior analysis is a: _____

Natural science

Behavior analysis studies: _____

Effects of environmental variables on behavior

Description, prediction, & control: _____

Goals of science

Learning is a: _____

Relatively permanent change in behavior

Learning occurs through: _____

Experience

Radical behaviorism:

Includes and analyzes: _____

All forms of behavior including thoughts, feelings, and verbal behavior

7 Dimensions of ABA:

Applied focuses on: _____

Socially significant human behavior

7 Dimensions of ABA:

Behavioral focuses on: _____

Behavior in its own right as a target for change

7 Dimensions of ABA:

Analytic requires: _____

Demonstration of a functional relation through systematic manipulations

7 Dimensions of ABA:

Technological requires: _____

Clear and complete descriptions that can be understood by others

7 Dimensions of ABA:

Conceptually systematic requires: _____

Procedures to be related to the basic principles of behavior

7 Dimensions of ABA:

Effective requires: _____

Behavior to change in the intended direction and to a practical degree

7 Dimensions of ABA:

Generality requires: _____

Intervention effects to maintain and spread to other situations/behaviors

Behavior: Interaction between: _____

Living organism's actions and the environment

Behaver: _____

Organism whose behavior is being observed

Public behavior: _____

Behavior that can be observed by others

Private behavior: _____

Behavior only observable by the organism engaging in it

Response: _____

Single instance of behavior

Topography: _____

Physical nature of the response

Function: _____

Effect of a response on the environment

Response class: _____

Responses with different topographies but same effect on environment

Fundamental property: ______

The core quality or an inherent characteristic of behavior

Repeatability:

A single response...

That occurs can reoccur

Temporal locus:

A single response...

Occurs at a point in time in relation to other events

Temporal extent:

A single response...

Occupies or extends through time

3 fundamental properties of behavior: _____

Repeatability, temporal locus, temporal extent

Dimensional quantity:

Measurable aspect of a: _____

Fundamental property of behavior

Count (countability): _____

Number of times a response occurs

Rate: _____

Ratio of responses over time

Celeration: _____

Change in rate of response over time

IRT: _____

Time between 2 successive responses

Latency: _____

Time between an antecedent stimulus and a response

Duration: _____

Time from the start to the end of a response

6 dimensional quantities of behavior: _____

Count, rate, celeration, IRT, latency, and duration

Count measures the fundamental property of: _____

Repeatability

Rate measures the fundamental property of: _____

Repeatability and temporal locus

Celeration measures the fundamental property of: _____

Repeatability and temporal locus

IRT measures the fundamental property of: _____

Repeatability and temporal locus

Latency measures the fundamental property of: _____

Temporal locus

Duration measures the fundamental property of: _____

Temporal extent

7 Dimensions of ABA:

GET A CAB: _____

(has) Generality

7 Dimensions of ABA:

GET A CAB: _____

Effective

7 Dimensions of ABA:

GET A CAB: _____

Technological

7 Dimensions of ABA:

GET A CAB: _____

Applied or analytic

7 Dimensions of ABA:

GET A CAB: _____

Conceptually systematic

7 Dimensions of ABA:

GET A CAB: _____

Analytic or applied

7 Dimensions of ABA:

GET A CAB: _____

Behavioral

Two types of behavior: _____

Public and private

Environment: _____

Events, stimuli, and conditions that can affect behavior

Public environmental events are: _____

Observable by others

Private environmental events are: _____

Only observable by the organism itself

Stimulus: _____

Environmental change affecting the organism through its receptors

3 characteristics of stimulus classes: _____

Formal

Temporal

Functional

Antecedent stimulus: _____

Environmental event that precedes a response

Consequence stimulus: _____

Environmental event that follows a response

Evoke: _____

Increases momentary probability of a response

Evocative effect:

Effect of antecedents to: _____

Increase momentary probability of a response

Abate: _____

Decreases momentary probability of a response

Abative effect:

Effect of antecedents to: _____

Decrease momentary probability of a response

Latency: _____

Time between antecedent stimulus and response