8th Grade Math CBE Study Guide Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering 8th-grade mathematical concepts including operations, proportionality, geometry, and personal financial literacy based on the UT High School Study Guide.

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS)

The Texas-mandated standards that define the knowledge and skills statements and student expectations for the 8th grade math exam.

Scholastic Dishonesty

Academic violations such as copying work, using unauthorized proctors, or possessing unauthorized materials that result in a grade of F.

Irrational Number

Numbers such as $\pi$ and square roots of numbers less than $225$ that are not perfect squares; they can be approximated and located on a number line.

Scientific Notation

A method of representing numbers involving a conversion to or from standard decimal notation.

Dilation

A transformation that applies a positive rational scale factor to a two-dimensional figure, affecting its linear and area measurements while potentially not preserving congruence.

Slope ($m$)

The rate comparing the change in $y$-values to the change in $x$-values, represented by the formula $m = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}$.

Linear Proportional Relationship

A situation represented by tables, graphs, and equations in the form of $y = kx$ where the unit rate is the slope.

Linear Non-proportional Relationship

A situation represented by tables, graphs, and equations in the form of $y = mx + b$, where $b \neq 0$.

Bivariate Data

Sets of data involving two variables that can be displayed on a scatterplot to address associations such as linear, non-linear, or no association.

Trend Line

A line that approximates the linear relationship between bivariate sets of data used to make predictions.

Direct Variation

A specific type of proportional relationship expressed by the equation $y = kx$.

Function

A relationship identified using sets of ordered pairs, tables, mappings, or graphs.

Volume of a Cylinder

The amount of space inside a cylinder, calculated using the formula $V = Bh$, where $B$ is the base area.

Volume of a Cone

The amount of space inside a cone, calculated using the formula $V = \frac{1}{3}Bh$, which is one-third the volume of a cylinder with congruent base and height.

Pythagorean Theorem

A mathematical relationship in right triangles where the sum of the squares of the legs is equal to the square of the hypotenuse, $a^2 + b^2 = c^2$.

Lateral Surface Area

The surface area of the sides of a figure, excluding the base(s), represented by $S = Ph$ for a prism.

Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD)

A measure of the average distance data points are from the mean of a data set.

Random Sample

A sample simulated from a population to be representative of that population's characteristics.

Simple Interest

Earnings or costs calculated using the formula $I = Prt$, where $P$ is principal, $r$ is rate, and $t$ is time.

Compound Interest

Earnings calculated on both the principal and previously earned interest using the formula $A = P(1 + r)^t$.