Beta oxidation

What is beta-oxidation?

lipid metabolism- breaking down fatty acids for energy

Chylomicron

98% triacylglycerols with proteins and phospholipid on the surface

Chylomicrons can move through the lymph system and bloodstream. true or false

true

where do chylomicrons bind before degradation?

bind to lipoprotein lipase on inner capillary surface

triacylglycerols get broken down into what

3 free fatty acids and glycerol

what are the 3 main steps of beta oxidation pathway

activation, transport into mitochondria, and oxidation

What enzyme drives fatty acid activation

acyl CoA synthetase

acetyl CoA vs acyl CoA carbon amount

acetyl CoA only carries 2 carbons, acyl CoA can carry many carbons

How many atp does the activation step of beta-oxidation use?

2

Is the activation step spontaneous?

yes

which step is the main regulatory step for fatty acid degradation

step 2

explain how step two of this process works

the hydroxyl group of carnitine picks up the acyl group from the Acyl CoA and transports into the matrix, then a CoA molecule picks the acyl group back up inside the matrix and the carnitine returns to the intermembrane space

what is the final thiolytic cleavage?

the process of there only being 4 carbons left on the acyl CoA and thiolase cutting it into two Acetyl CoA’s

Each cycle of beta-oxidation results in?

1 Acetyl Coa, 1 NADH, 1 FADH2 (AKA 14 ATP per cycle) note: 2 atp used for act.

How do double bonds affect this cycle?

It produces 1 less NADH for every double bond

What happens to odd chain fatty acids?

They will end up with 3 carbons and then turn into succinyl-CoA and enter the CAC