EXAM 1 ANATOMY

Area where nerve impulses is generated

secretory region

Plasma membrane exhibits voltage-gated Ca2+ channels

receptive region

Plasma membrane exhibits chemically gated ion channels

trigger zone

A gated channel that responds to changes in transmembrane potential is called a(n)____ channel

voltage-gated

Extensive damage to oligodendrocytes in the CNS could result in:

reduced speed of nerve impulses

Tactile sensation is a combination of touch, pressure, stretch, and vibration. Which of the following is most likely the receptor type that senses tactile stimulation?

Mechanoreceptors.

Which ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials?

Voltage-gated sodium channels.

Neurotransmitter for release is stored in synaptic

Vesicles

The__nervous system controls the skeletal muscles

Somatic

Which category of memory is involved when playing the piano?

Procedural

The___principle states that the size and speed of an action potential are independent of the stimulus strength.

All-or-none

Injury to the hypothalamus may result in all of the following EXCEPT___

Loss of fine motor control

The posterior root ganglia mainly contain

Cell bodies of sensory neurons

The most abundant class of neurons in the central nervous systen is

Multipolar

Which of the following is the mildest consequence of traumatic brain injury?

Concussion

____lines the brain ventricles and spinal cord

Ependymal cells

Declarative memory____

Is the ability to learn specific information

The myelin sheath that covers any CNS axons is formed by_____

Oligodendrocytes

Cerebrospinal fluid flows within the____

Subarachnoid space

Neurons in which dendritic and axonal processes are continuous and the soma lies off to one side are called____

Unipolar

The neurilemma of axons in the peripheral nervous system is formed by____

Schwann cells

Schwann cells are functionally similar to___

Oligodendrocytes

The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the____

Lateral sulcus

Which of the following is NOT a function of the CSF?

Initiation of some nerve impulses

The tough, fibrous outermost covering of the spinal cord is the___

Dura mater

Neurons that have one axon and one dendrite, with the soma in between, are called

Bipolar

Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS are called

Ganglia

If someone spills very hot coffee on their skin, they will likely perceive much pain. Which of the following receptor types is causing this reaction?

Nociceptors

When a neurotransmitter like acetylcholine is acting in an excitatory manner, what is a result of the acetylcholine acting on the post synaptic cell?

Chemically gated sodium channels will open

The outward projections from the central gray matter of the spinal cord are called___

Horns

Describe the components of a chemical synapse

A presynaptic cell and a postsynaptic cell whose plasma membranes are separated by a narrow synaptic cleft.

When is the neuron in the relative refractory period?

Section 4

____channels open or close in response to binding specific molecules

Chemically gated

The site of intercellular communication between neurons is the__

Synapse

We can touch our finger to our nose while our eyes are closed in part because we can sense the position and movement of our joints as well as the length of stretch in our muscles. What receptor is responsible for this ability?

Proprioceptors

Immediately after an action potential has peaked, which of the following channels will open?

Voltage-gated potassium channels

Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere are called___

Gyri

Regions of the CNS with an abundance of myelinated axons constitute the____matter

Grey

Declarative memory___

Is the ability to learn specific information

Summation that results from the cumulative effect of multiple synapses at multiple places on the neuron is designated?

Spatial summation

Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system?

Innervation of skeletal muscle

Which of the following activities or sensations is not monitored by interoceptors?

Sight

The area of the cortex that is responsible for sensing a full bladder and the feeling that your lungs will burst when you hold your breath too long is the____

Visceral sensory area

Which part of the cerebral cortex is involved in intellect, cognition, recall, and personality?

Prefrontal cortex

Meningitis can be caused by infection of the CNS by bacteria. Which cells wold be most responsible for removing the infection?

Microglia

A patient is suffering from the inability to distinguish various types of odors. The patient may have damage to which of the following?

Olfactory nerve

The___nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord.

Central

___provide info about the external environment.

Exteroceptors

The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex is the___

Reticular formation

Which of the following are not types of neuroglia?

Interneurons

The outermost connective tissue covering of nerves is the___

Epineurium

Neuron cell bodies in the PNS are clustered together in masses called__

Ganglia

The axon is connected to the cell body at the___

Axon hillock

The minimum stimulus required to trigger an action potential is known as the__

Threshold

The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the___

Neuron

An inhibitory postsynaptic potential is associated with_____

Lowering the threshold for an action potential to occur

Which division of the PNS brings info to the CNS?

Sensory

The layer of connective tissue that surrounds a fascicle within a peripheral nerve is the__

Perineurium

If a postsynaptic cell is stimulated to the threshold by temporal summation this implies that___

A presynaptic neuron is sending frequent EPSP

The____nervous system provides involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glandular activity

Sensory division of the peripheral