Kine 266 L2

Why are sport and exercise settings not free from bias?

Sport reflects societal norms, stereotypes, and inequalities, so bias naturally exists within these environments.

What is the moral obligation in D&I?

Treating individuals based on their unique needs rather than treating everyone the same; understanding context before judging behavior.

Why is understanding athlete background important?

It helps recognize social pressures, norms, and identities that shape athlete experiences and needs.

What does “honoring full humanness” mean in sport?

Recognizing athletes cannot benefit fully if they feel unsafe, unwelcome, or excluded.

How does socioeconomic status (SES) affect physical activity?

SES influences access to resources, opportunities, and participation in sport and exercise.

Why is sport considered a microcosm of society?

It mirrors societal values, inequalities, and systems, sometimes reinforcing or challenging them.

What is diversity?

The presence of socially meaningful differences among members of a group.

Diversity analogy

Being invited to the dinner.

What is inclusion?

The extent to which individuals feel valued, connected, and able to express themselves within a group.

Inclusion analogy

Talking at the dinner, being heard, and feeling that your voice matters.

What is culture?

Shared values, beliefs, and practices of a group (e.g., language, food, traditions).

What is enculturation?

Learning and adopting the norms and values of your own culture.

What is acculturation?

Learning and adapting to the norms and values of another culture.

What challenges do women face in sport leadership?

They must prove themselves more, are given less time to succeed, and are replaced more quickly than men.

What is sexual prejudice in sport?

Discrimination or bias against LGBTQ+ individuals in sport settings.

What are research findings about LGBTQ+ athletes?

Out athletes face higher odds of homophobic behavior; many athletes use homophobic language.

Why might athletes participate in homophobia?

To avoid being targeted themselves or to fit into team norms.

What are strategies to reduce sexual prejudice?

Do not tolerate discrimination, provide training, break the silence, and examine biases.

Why is sport participation beneficial for people with disabilities?

It improves physical, social, and psychological well-being.

What are individual barriers for athletes with disabilities?

Pain, fear of injury, lack of knowledge about accessible facilities.

What are social barriers for athletes with disabilities?

Dependence on others, lack of support, lack of adaptive knowledge, limited peers.

What are environmental barriers for athletes with disabilities?

Limited accessible facilities and built environments.

What is a key strategy for working with athletes with disabilities?

Treat them as athletes first, not defined by their disability.

What is weight bias in sport?

Negative assumptions or discrimination based on body weight.

Why is race and ethnicity a complex issue in sport?

Because of factors like SES, access, and systemic inequalities despite visible representation.

What is a microassault?

A direct, intentional discriminatory action or slur.

What is a microinsult?

A subtle or indirect comment that stereotypes or demeans a group.

What is a microinvalidation?

Dismissing or minimizing someone’s experiences of discrimination.

Why is the belief that racism doesn’t exist in sport flawed?

Representation does not eliminate unequal experiences, especially in leadership and systems.

What challenges do immigrant athletes and coaches face?

Cultural differences, subgroup divisions, and relationship barriers.

Why is the coach-athlete relationship important in D&I?

It is a key factor in athlete success and can be impacted by cultural differences.

What is a key need for coaches working with diverse athletes?

Cultural competence education.

What limitation exists in diversity research (e.g., MLB)?

Counting diversity numbers does not capture different lived experiences.

What is a major benefit of D&I in sport?

Increased performance due to athletes feeling free, supported, and included.

How do cliques impact teams?

They reduce inclusion, cohesion, and overall team performance.

What is cultural competence?

The ability to understand, respect, and effectively interact with diverse cultures.

What are the three components of cultural competence?

Cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, and cultural skills.

What is cultural awareness?

Recognizing your own biases and understanding cultural differences.

What is cultural knowledge?

Learning about different cultural practices, values, and perspectives.

What are cultural skills?

The ability to effectively communicate and interact across cultures.

What is the first step to cultural competence?

Develop cultural awareness and understanding.

What is the second step to cultural competence?

Engage in cultural self-reflection.

What is the third step to cultural competence?

Identify and address cross-cultural barriers.

What is cultural self-reflection?

Examining your own biases, assumptions, and cultural influences.

Why is self-awareness important in D&I?

It helps identify biases and improve interactions with others.

What is an example of lack of inclusion in sport policy?

Olympic dress codes that excluded athletes from conservative cultures.

What are inclusive communication strategies?

Adjust language, respect cultural norms, and use appropriate communication styles.

What are culturally competent interventions?

Training, relationship-building, and aligning practices with athletes’ cultural values.

What is a key strategy for creating inclusive environments?

Get to know individuals and understand their backgrounds.

What is the role of the Association for Applied Sport Psychology in D&I?

Promotes inclusion, provides guidelines, and encourages cultural competence in practitioners.

What issue exists within AASP and similar organizations?

Lack of diversity in practitioners, conferences, and research focus.

What are impacts of microaggressions on professionals?

Anger, frustration, decreased self-esteem, and feeling undervalued.

Why are diverse mentors important?

They provide representation, support, and guidance for underrepresented individuals.

What is a major limitation in sport psychology research?

Lack of diversity reduces generalizability and relevance.