science

Luminous Objects

Objects that emit their own light.

Opaque

Materials that do not allow light to pass through.

Transparent

Materials that allow light to pass through clearly.

Translucent

Materials that allow some light to pass through but not a detailed image.

Absorbs

Process of taking in or soaking up light.

Reflect

Process of light bouncing off a surface.

Transmit

Process of light passing through a material.

Mirror Images

Images formed by reflection.

Refraction

Bending of light when it passes through different mediums.

Splitting Light

Process of separating white light into its constituent colors.

Rainbows

Optical phenomenon created by the refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets.

How Objects Appear Colored

Objects appear colored based on the light they reflect and absorb.

Visible Light Spectrum

The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to the human eye.

Primary Additive Colours

Red, green, and blue, the primary colors of the visible light spectrum.

Additive vs Subtractive Colour

Different color mixing modes based on light or pigment combinations.

Mixing Coloured Light

Using colored filters and mirrors to create different colors of light.

Luminous Objects

An object that gives off its own light.

Non-luminous Objects

An object that does not emit its own light.

Opaque

Light cannot travel through the object.

Transparent

Light passes through clearly.

Translucent

Some light passes through, but the image is not detailed.

Absorb

To soak up or take in light.

Reflect

To bounce off something.

Transmit

To send along or pass through.

Lateral Inversions

The image appears to be reversed.

Virtual Image

The image appears behind the mirror.

Law of Reflection

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

Refraction

The change of speed and direction of light when it hits a boundary between two states of matter.

Splitting Light

White light is composed of all the colors of the rainbow, with each color having different wavelengths.

Rainbows

When it rains and the sun shines, a rainbow can form as each raindrop refracts light.

White Light and Dispersion

The process where white light is split into its colors through refraction using a prism.

Visible Light Spectrum

The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye.

Primary Additive Colors

The primary colors of the visible light spectrum: red, green, and blue.

Additive Color Model

Used when mixing shades of light to create colors.

Bar Magnet

A magnet shaped like a bar that has a magnetic field.

Horseshoe Magnet

A type of magnet shaped like a horseshoe with a magnetic field.

Magnetic Fields

An area where the magnetic force can affect materials.

Compass

A device used to detect magnetic fields.

Magnetic Field Lines

Visual representations of the magnetic field around a magnet.

Like Poles

Repel each other (North-North or South-South).

Opposite Poles

Attract each other (North-South).

Earth's Magnetic Field

A compass points to magnetic north, which is slightly off from true north.

Electromagnetic Field

Created by the flow of electric current through a wire.

Electromagnet

A magnet created by wrapping a wire around a magnetic material and passing electric current through it.

Renewable Energy

Energy resources that are sustainable and do not produce pollutants.

Non-Renewable Energy

Energy resources that contribute to pollution and are finite.

Weather

Short-term atmospheric conditions.

Climate

Long-term average of weather conditions.

Ice Ages

Periods where large areas of Earth were covered by ice.

Glaciers

Rivers of ice that slowly move downhill.

Atmospheric Composition Today

21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen, with traces of carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Bioaccumulation

The gradual build-up of toxic substances in an organism's body.

Biomagnification

The increase in concentration of toxins as they move up the food chain.