Ap psych AAQ terms

Prospective Memory

refers to remembering to perform a future task.

conformity

involves changing one’s behavior or beliefs to align with group norms or expectations.

fixed mindset

 the belief that intelligence and abilities cannot change much over time. People with a fixed mindset may avoid challenges because they fear failure will reveal a lack of ability.

growth mindset

is the belief that abilities and intelligence can be developed through effort, practice, and perseverance. Individuals with a growth mindset view challenges as opportunities to learn rather than as threats to their competence.

Big Five Trait of Conscientiousness

characterized by organization, dependability, discipline, and a strong sense of responsibility. People who score high in conscientiousness tend to be punctual, goal-oriented, and diligent.

Self-Efficacy

one’s belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations or tasks. High self-efficacy can lead to greater resilience and willingness to tackle challenges.

Reinforcement

refers to any desirable consequence that increases the likelihood of a behavior repeating.

punishment

any consequence that decreases the likelihood of a behavior recurring.

social/observational learning

proposes that individuals learn by observing and imitating others, without direct reinforcement.

nature vs nuture

debate within the field of developmental psychology examines whether genetics (nature) or environment (nurture) plays a more significant role in development.

hippocampus

part of the limbic system that plays a key role in forming and consolidating new memories. It helps transfer information from short-term to long-term storage. Damage to the hippocampus, such as in Alzheimer’s disease, can severely impair the ability to form new memories.

problem-focused coping

refers to strategies aimed at directly addressing the source of stress. Individuals try to change or eliminate the stressor itself.

emotion-focused coping

involves managing or reducing the emotional features associated with a stressor rather than directly tackling the stressor itself.

eustress

 refers to positive or beneficial stress that can motivate individuals and enhance performance. Eustress, as opposed to distress, arises when a challenge is perceived as manageable and invigorating.

distress

refers to negative stress that overwhelms a person’s ability to cope, often leading to anxiety, burnout, or health problems. Distress occurs when challenges seem insurmountable or threatening.