CM Exam 2 Study Guide (Chapters 6-10)

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering project team dynamics, pre-construction services, estimating types, project documentation, billing cycles, and site management based on Chapters 6-10.

Key Project Team Members

The owner, architect, and contractor.

Declare (Speech Act)

One of Fernando Flores’ five basic speech acts used to create possibilities.

Request (Speech Act)

One of Fernando Flores’ five basic speech acts used to ask someone to do something.

Promise (Speech Act)

One of Fernando Flores’ five basic speech acts where one agrees to do something.

Assess (Speech Act)

One of Fernando Flores’ five basic speech acts used to evaluate action.

Assert (Speech Act)

One of Fernando Flores’ five basic speech acts used to state or report facts.

Old Construction Culture

Characterized by a 'low-bid mentality,' hard bids where the lowest price wins, adversarial relationships, and competing agendas.

New Construction Culture

Characterized by collaboration, teamwork, value generation, and obtaining the right price.

Pre-Construction

A phase occurring after the contract with the architect where an owner may solicit a contractor or CM to perform services after planning/design but before construction.

Constructability reviews

One of the five most common pre-construction services used to evaluate the ease and efficiency of the construction process.

Conceptual estimating

A pre-construction service used for early budget planning, project feasibility, and constructability reviews, often occurring after design is complete and resulting in fewer RFIs.

Value engineering

A pre-construction service focused on adding value by improving or maintaining benefits while managing costs.

Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA)

A pre-construction service that evaluates the total cost of ownership, where the initial construction cost is NOT part of the analysis but operating cost is the most expensive part.

CSI MasterFormat

The standard format for divisions $1-49$ used in conceptual and detailed estimates.

ROM (Rough Order of Magnitude)

The least accurate type of conceptual estimate that gives a quick initial baseline during the project initiation or pre-planning stage.

Preliminary Estimate

A medium-accuracy estimate that refines the initial scoping during the conceptual design stage.

Detailed Estimate

The most accurate estimate that provides a contract-ready, line-item budget before construction during the final design (pre-bid) stage.

Job-specific overhead (General conditions)

Items including supervision, job trailers, temporary utilities, security, testing, inspections, and cleanup.

Red Flag Items

Items such as exotic materials, poor plans, exculpatory clauses, high liquidated damages, and supply chain issues that signal high risk.

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

A system used to organize project work into smaller work packages, breaking divisions into detailed line items handled by specific trades.

Labor Burden

The costs associated with payroll taxes and benefits, including Social Security, workers' comp, unemployment, health and life insurance, vacation, and paid holidays.

Digitizer

A tool used for measuring and tracing material quantities directly from design documents digitally.

Partnering

A collaborative approach based on trust, teamwork, open communication, and a win-win mentality.

RFI

Request for Information; the formal document used for asking questions.

Submittals

Detailed product literature, physical samples, or mock-ups provided by vendors for approval to confirm design intent before manufacturing.

Mock-ups

Assemblies made for testing (wind, water leaks, etc.), constructability, appearance, and owner approval.

As-built drawings

A set of drawings, specs, or a BIM model showing what was installed and where it was placed to facilitate future facilities management.

Shop drawings

Drawings showing details, dimensions, and configurations of materials to be fabricated for installation, sometimes including CNC files for automated fabrication.

Schedule of Values

Established at the start of a project, it represents the project budget based on the original estimate (typically by CSI divisions) and acts as the template for measuring progress.

Pay Request Continuation Sheet

An analysis for monthly billing that tracks previous payments, percentage complete, current payment due, and changes from change orders.

Application for Payment

A document occurring every billing cycle that summarizes actual payment amounts and provides official approval required for fund release.

Retainage

Money withheld until project completion to encourage the full completion of the project.

Project Incentives

Bonus payments from the owner to the contractor for early project completion.

Liquidated Damages

A penalty against the contractor for every day the project runs past the contracted completion date.

Change Order

A written order to correct design errors/omissions or changes in scope, instigated by the architect, owner, or contractor.

Mediation

An impartial third-party facilitation where resolution is a nonbinding negotiation and typically involves no attorneys.

Arbitration

A resolution method where the arbitrator acts as a judge, attorneys are present, and the resolution is binding and final.

Will-call

A materials checkpoint where the superintendent confirms a delivery window with a supplier right before shipment to ensure the site is ready.

Laydown area

A designated fenced-off area or trailer on site for the temporary storage, sorting, and identification of large material orders.

SWAPP

Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan; a mandatory regulatory document outlining environmental practices to prevent sediment runoff and pollutants from entering waterways.