Sexual Dimorphism

SXL

SEX LETHAL

TRA

TRANSFORMER

TRA-2

TRANSFORMER 2

MSL-2

MALE SPECIFIC LETHAL

IX

INTERSEX

HER

HERMAPHRODITE

DSX

DOUBLESEX

FRU

FRUITLESS

UAS

Upstream Activating Sequence

VNC

Ventral Nerve Cord

CD8

Cluster of Differentiation 8

GFP

Green Fluorescent Protein

cVA

11 cis Vaccenyl Acetate, a male pheromone

GCaMP

GFP-CalModulin-Peptide genetically encoded calcium indicator

ORN

Olfactor Receptor Neuron

GRN

Gustatory Receptor Neuron

PN

Projection Neuron

GPN

Gustatory Projection Neuron

JON

Johnston’s Organ

APN

Auditory Projection Neuron

ND

(7Z,11Z)-Nonacosadiene

HD

(7Z,11Z)-Heptocosadiene

7T

(Z)-7-tricosene

TRPA1

Transient Receptor Potential A1

vGlut

vesicular Glutamate transporter

DA

dopamine

GABA

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

vpoDN

vaginal plate opening descending neurons

SPSN

Sex Peptide sensory neurons

BDNF

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor

HVC

Higher Vocal Centre

RA

Robust nucleus of the arcopallium

LMAN

Lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium

DLM

DorsoLateral nucleus of anterior thalamus

Rt

nucleus rotundus

MPOA

Medial PreOptic Area of the Hypothalamus

VMH

VentroMedial Hypothalamus

ER

Estrogen Receptor

AR

Androgen Receptor

E18

Embryonic day 18

P10

Postnatal day 10

AVPV

Anteroventral Periventricular Nucleus

ARC

Arcuate Nucleus

GnRH

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

Kiss

Kisspeptin

LH

Luteinising Hormone

FSH

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

E2

17-b-estradiol

SDN-POA

Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the PreOptic Area

BNST

Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis

Calb

Calbindin

MeA

Medial Amygdala

VNO

VomeroNasal Organ

AOB

Accessory Olfactory Bulb

CNGA2

Cyclic Nucleotide Gated channel subunit Alpha 2

TRPC2

Transient Receptor Potential cation channel C2

P-Gal4

A transgene expressing the foreign transcription factor GAL4 in the pattern of promotor P

UAS-Transgene

A transgene which uses GAL4 binding sites (UAS) to produce transgene expression

Phenylacetic acid

An aromatic food odour that acts as an aphrodisiac

P1 cluster

A central control of male courtship that integrates sensory and dopaminergic input

Sex Peptide

A peptide transferred during mating that reduces receptivity in mated females by inactivating the SAG neurons

Parthenogenesis

Development from unfertilized eggs

a-Fetoprotein

A protein that blocks maternal estrogen in female and male fetal brains

SNB

Spinal Nucleus of the Bulbocavernosus, which is reduced or absent in females

Onuf’s Nucleus

The human CNS equivalent of the rodent SNB

Aromatase

An enzyme that converts Testosterone to 17-b-estradiol

5-a-reductase

An enzyme that converts Testosterone to 5-a-dihydrotestosterone

21-hydroxylase

An enzyme that converts Progesterone to Deoxy-corticosteron