Loss of America Colonies 1770-1783:

Edexcel A-level history, British Empire: American colonies, Depth topic 1

Taxation: British national debt was £___ million by ___ so taxes were increase to pay off debt

• 133 million

• 1763

Taxation: What was salutary neglect?

British policy where trade laws and other regulations were loosely enforced giving the American colonies a high degree of self-governance.

Taxation: When was the proclamation line?

1763

Taxation: What did the proclamation line do?

Set up boundary to limit conflict over land with native Americans.

Taxation: When was sugar act and how much did money did it aim to raise annually?

• 1764

• £78,000

Taxation: What was the quartering act and when was it?

• 1765

• British troops could be housed in inns and empty buildings without consent

Taxation: Who refused the quartering act 1765 and what act did they pass?

• New York

• New york restraining act

Taxation: When was stamp act?

1765

Taxation: How many formal documents now had stamps?

50

Taxation: When was the stamp act repealed?

1766

Taxation: When was the declatory act and what was it?

• 1766

• Asserted colonies as subordinate to British. Parliament could make laws to bind the colonies.

Taxation: What were the townshend duties?

Increased duties on wine, paper and tea

Taxation: When were the townshend duties and when were they repealed/who supported the repeal?

• 1767

• 1770

• Lord North

Punishments: Tax collectors and merchants who didn’t comply with the boycotts were threatened with what?

Tarring and feathering

Punishments: Who started the boycotts and when?

• sons of Liberty

• 1765

Punishments: How many merchants in ___ signed an agreement not to import British goods until the stamp act was repealed?

• 200

• New York

Coercive acts: when we’re they and what dual name did they go by?

• 1774

• Intolerable acts

Coercive acts: Also known as the ____ act, which act allowed British officials accused of capital crimes in ___ to avoid hostile local juries and have their hearings in Britain?

• Murder

• administration of justice act

• Massachusetts

Coercive acts: What did the ____ government act do?

• Massachusetts government act

• Replaced colonists control with British control.

• Elective offices were filled with royal appointees not local electives

Coercive acts: Which act closed the port facilities in ____ until colonists reimbursed the EIC for the £_____ of tea destroyed in the _________ in which year

Boston Port Act

Boston

10,000

Boston tea party 1773

Coercive acts: The _______ act was revised and authorised soldiers to be accomnodated in private homes in all American colonies

quartering

Coercive acts: Which act was considered an intolerable act but was not officially a part of the coercive acts

Quebec act

Coercive acts: The Quebec act focused on Britains newest colony _____. Quebec was ______ in size to block what, and what religion was allowed to be practiced

canada

doubled

expansion of the 13 colonies

roman catholicism

Enlightenment thinkers: An intellectual movement that began in the ___th century

17

Enlightenment thinkers: John ______ wrote an essay in ____ titled ‘Essay concerning _____ _____________’

Locke

1689

human understanding

Enlightenment thinkers: Whose essay inspired ______ declaration of independence in _____

Locke

Jeffersons

1776

Enlightenment thinkers: ‘______ _____’ written by Thomas Paine in ____ attacked the british constitution and most importantly _______

common sense

1776

George III

Enlightenment thinkers: Common sense written by _______ sold _____ copies in ___ months

Thomas Paine

120,000

3

Resistance to taxation: Who initiates the Virginia resolves in ____ by introducing a resolution attacking the ___ act, encouraging __ other colonial assemblies to pass their own resolutions by the end of ____

Patrick Henry

1765

Stamp

8

1765

Resistance to taxation: During the ____ act congress in _____, how many colonies met in New York to draft the ‘declaration of ______ ___ __________’

stamp

1765

9

rights and grievances

Resistance to taxation: The colonies argued '“No Taxation _______ ______________”

without representation

Resistance to taxation: Who put together the ____ letter in ____ to denounce the townshend duties

adams

circular

1768

Resistance to taxation: ___ assemblies approved of the circular letter and in ____ the sons of liberty called for boycotts

7

1768

Resistance to taxation: By _____, there were regular riots, however by the end of the same year the boycotts of _______ were collapsing

1770

British goods

Resistance to taxation: When was the Boston Massacre and when was the Boston Tea party

1770

1773

Resistance to taxation: In the ______ massacre, soldiers killed ___ people and wounding ___

boston

5

6

Resistance to taxation: protests against the ____ act in ___ began due to the EIC being £______ in debt and thus increasing the taxation on the colonists

tea

1773

400,000

Resistance to taxation: During the Boston Tea party in ____, __ members of the ___________ throw ____ crates of tea overboard, costing Britain £________

1773

60

Sons of Liberty

342

10,000