Weather Junior Cert Geography

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Last updated 6:33 PM on 4/15/26
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53 Terms

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Weather

The state of the atmosphere at a given time and place.

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Troposphere

Lowest layer of the atmosphere. Weather occurs in this layer. 0-12km

<p>Lowest layer of the atmosphere. Weather occurs in this layer. 0-12km</p>
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Stratosphere

Second layer of the atmosphere. Jets fly through, ozone found here. 12-25km

<p>Second layer of the atmosphere. Jets fly through, ozone found here. 12-25km</p>
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Ozone Layer

Gas made of 3 oxygen atoms (O3). Absorbs 99% of suns harmful UVB rays

<p>Gas made of 3 oxygen atoms (O3). Absorbs 99% of suns harmful UVB rays</p>
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Air Pressure

The force of air molecules pushing on an area

<p>The force of air molecules pushing on an area</p>
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Warm air ______, cool air sinks.

rises

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Warm air rises, cool air _____.

sinks

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Wind

Air particles that travel from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure

<p>Air particles that travel from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure</p>
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Cold Front

Form where cold air moves towards warm air. Creates rain storms.

<p>Form where cold air moves towards warm air. Creates rain storms.</p>
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Warm Front

Form where warm air moves towards cold air.

<p>Form where warm air moves towards cold air.</p>
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Global Winds

winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances

<p>winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances</p>
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Trade Winds

winds that blow across the Atlantic Ocean west toward the Caribbean

<p>winds that blow across the Atlantic Ocean west toward the Caribbean</p>
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Doldrums

a belt of calms and light winds between the northern and southern trade winds of the Atlantic and Pacific

<p>a belt of calms and light winds between the northern and southern trade winds of the Atlantic and Pacific</p>
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Jet Stream

A wind that flows at great speeds in the stratosphere

<p>A wind that flows at great speeds in the stratosphere</p>
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Temperature

A measure of the average kinetic energy (motion) of individual molecules in matter.

<p>A measure of the average kinetic energy (motion) of individual molecules in matter.</p>
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100 degrees Celsius

Boiling Point

<p>Boiling Point</p>
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0 degrees Celsius

Freezing Point

<p>Freezing Point</p>
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Thermometer

A device that measures the heat from expanding and contracting liquids or coils.

<p>A device that measures the heat from expanding and contracting liquids or coils.</p>
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The seasons are caused by the ...

The tilt of the earth's axis 23.5 degrees

<p>The tilt of the earth's axis 23.5 degrees</p>
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Water Cycle (Hydrologic Cycle)

The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.

<p>The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.</p>
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Evaporation

Substance changes from a liqid to a gas state

<p>Substance changes from a liqid to a gas state</p>
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Condensation

Water vapor (gas) turns back to a liquid. (energy required / cold) -cloud formation.

<p>Water vapor (gas) turns back to a liquid. (energy required / cold) -cloud formation.</p>
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Precipitation

Water that is so heavy it falls as liquid / solid.

<p>Water that is so heavy it falls as liquid / solid.</p>
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Cloud

A visible body of very fine water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere

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Cirrus

High altitude wispy clouds made of ice crystals.

<p>High altitude wispy clouds made of ice crystals.</p>
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Cumulus

White puffy clouds

<p>White puffy clouds</p>
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Stratus Clouds

Low lying layered clouds. Usually grey and dull.

<p>Low lying layered clouds. Usually grey and dull.</p>
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Meteorology

The study of atmosphere that focuses on weather process and forecasting.

<p>The study of atmosphere that focuses on weather process and forecasting.</p>
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Barometer

Measures air pressure

<p>Measures air pressure</p>
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Rain Gauge:

Measures rainfall.

<p>Measures rainfall.</p>
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Satellites

Provide larger view of weather

<p>Provide larger view of weather</p>
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Isobars

A line drawn on a weather map or chart linking all points of equal or constant temperature.

<p>A line drawn on a weather map or chart linking all points of equal or constant temperature.</p>
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Air Mass

A large volume of air with similar temperatures and air pressure

<p>A large volume of air with similar temperatures and air pressure</p>
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Anti Cyclonic

An area of high atmospheric pressure and clockwise rotation, with clear skies and quiet, calm weather.

<p>An area of high atmospheric pressure and clockwise rotation, with clear skies and quiet, calm weather. </p>
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Atmosphere

A layer of air that surrounds the earth

<p>A layer of air that surrounds the earth</p>
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Continental

A type of air mass that is formed over a large body of land

<p>A type of air mass that is formed over a large body of land</p>
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Cyclonic

The normal rotation of a storm system (anti-clockwise)

<p>The normal rotation of a storm system (anti-clockwise)</p>
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Front

A boundary between air masses

<p>A boundary between air masses</p>
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Meteorologist

A person who studies and forecasts weather

<p>A person who studies and forecasts weather</p>
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Isotherms

Lines on a map that joins places of equal temperature

<p>Lines on a map that joins places of equal temperature</p>
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Isohyets

Lines on a map that connect places of equal rainfall

<p>Lines on a map that connect places of equal rainfall</p>
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Isohels

Lines on a map that connect places of equal sunshine

<p>Lines on a map that connect places of equal sunshine</p>
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Hygrometer

Measure humidity

<p>Measure humidity</p>
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Wind vane

Measures wind direction

<p>Measures wind direction</p>
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Anemometer

Measures wind force (speed)

<p>Measures wind force (speed)</p>
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Campbell Stokes Recorder

Measures sunshine

<p>Measures sunshine</p>
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Conventional rainfall

Caused by the sun heating the earths surface. Warm air rises, containing water vapour which cools and condenses to form clouds

<p>Caused by the sun heating the earths surface. Warm air rises, containing water vapour which cools and condenses to form clouds</p>
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Relief rainfall

Warm air containing water vapour is forced to rise over a mountain. This causes the air to cool and the moisture in the air condenses to form clouds

<p>Warm air containing water vapour is forced to rise over a mountain. This causes the air to cool and the moisture in the air condenses to form clouds</p>
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The Beaufort Scale

Measures wind force

<p>Measures wind force</p>
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Cyclonic or frontal rainfall

When two air masses of warm and cold air meet, causing a front

<p>When two air masses of warm and cold air meet, causing a front</p>
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Prevailing Winds

Direction from which the wind most frequently blows in a given area of the country. In Ireland it is from the SW

<p>Direction from which the wind most frequently blows in a given area of the country. In Ireland it is from the SW</p>
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If a wind is blowing from the South to the North, it is named a ______________ wind.

Southerly