CSCS Physics | 2nd Semester Final Review

Read instructions placed on first notecard. | A review to fully prepare for the 2nd semester physics final

INSTRUCTIONS

answer is the word okay

Star anything you want to study and select “study starred terms only”

Ensure shuffle and smart grading are on

Take math as only written questions in learn mode. The first 12 questions are math

All non-math questions can be done in any mode with any question type 

An ammeter in a simple circuit indicates 3.5A. The circuit has a resistance of 1.9 ohms. What is the voltage of the circuit?

6.65V

A radio station has a frequency of 106.9 MHz. What is its wavelength?

MHz = 1×10⁶ Hz

208.33m

A simple DC circuit provides 6V and has a resistance of 2.7 ohms. What is the current in the circuit?

2.22A

Fred is enjoying an ice cream cone. The scoop of ice cream has a mass of 100g. As Fred tries to lick the ice scream, the scoop falls out of the cone a distance of 1.75m onto the ground. Assume that thee ground is the reference height (0m).

Answer the following questions in the following format:

answer 1

answer 2

answer 3

Question 1:

What was the ice cream’s GPE before it fell?

Question 2:

If all of the ice cream’s GPE was converted to kinetic energy just before it hit the ground, how much kinetic energy did it have?

Question 3:

What was the velocity of the ice cream as it hit the ground?

1.72J

0J

1.72J

5.87 m/s

An EM wave has a wavelength of 2nm. Calculate its frequency.

nm = 1×10^-9 m

1.5×10^17Hz

The lowest pitched sounds humans can generally hear have a frequency of roughly 20Hz. What is the approximate wavelength of these sound waves if their wave speed is 340 m/s?

170m

Calculate the total resistance for this circuit.

I am making all kilo-ohms just ohms for simpler calculations

R1=10 ohms

R2 = 2 ohms

R3 = 1 ohm

2.6 ohms

Calculate the total resistance for this circuit.

R1=20ohms

R2=30 ohms

R3=50 ohms

100 ohms

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

KE=(1/2)mv^2

A battery provides 12V to a circuit and 0.891A of current flow. What is the total resistance in the circuit?

Write ohms as the word ohms

13.47 ohms

A wave traveling in water has a frequency of 250Hz and a wavelength of 6m. What is the speed of the wave?

1500 m/s

How much energy is required to increase the temperature of 1.8kg of aluminum by 50°F? The specific heat capacity of aluminum is 0.897 J/g°C

16146J

What is energy?

The ability to do work.

What is the unit for work?

answer in the format:
unit (symbol)

Joules (J)

What is kinetic energy?

The energy and object possesses due to motion.

What is potential energy?

Stored energy that can be used later

What is gravitational potential energy?

the energy stored in an object due to its position in a gravitational field

What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?

GPE=mgh

In a turbine with a generator, what energy transformation occurs?

kinetic to electrical

Define temperature

The measure of hotness or coldness of a substance

How are temperature and kinetic energy related?

Directly proportional

Define heat

The movement of thermal energy from an area of higher to lower temperature

Why does hot air rise?

It is less dense than colder air.

Define conduction.

The transfer of thermal energy between touching objects.

Define convection

The flow of thermal energy as fluids move

Define radiation

The transfer of thermal energy through electromagnetic waves

Define insulator (in terms of thermodynamics)

A material that does not easily allow thermal energy to move

Define conductor (in terms of thermodynamics)

A material that easily allows thermal energy to move

Define entropy

the measure of how spread out energy is

What does the 1st Law of Thermodynamics state?

energy cannot be created nor destroyed. It can only be transformed.

What does the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics state?

Entropy only increases. It never decreases without doing work

What is a wave?

A disruption that carries energy from one location to another

Distinguish between mechanical and electromagnetic waves?

Mechanical waves require a physical medium. Electromagnetic waves travel in electromagnetic fields and do not require a physical medium.

What is the unit for wavelength?

meters

Define frequency of a wave?

the number of disruptions or cycles per second

How does amplitude relate to the amount of energy in a wave?

directly proportional

What is the unit for frequency?

Hertz

What is the Doppler Effect?

The apparent change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source or the receiver

Sound waves are what type of waves?
mechanical or electromagnetic

mechanical

Sound waves are what type of wave?

transverse, longitudinal, or surface

longitudinal

Can sound waves travel in space?

No.

What is pitch?

how we perceive a sound’s frequency

How are frequency and pitch related?

Directly proportional

What is electric current?

the movement of the electric charge through a complete loop

What is an electric circuit?

The loop through which current electricity can flow

What is an open circuit?

Incomplete circuits that do not allow current to flow

What is a closed circuit?

Complete circuits that allow current to flow

What makes charge flow in a circuit?

voltage which provides force to move charges

What are electric conductors?

Materials that easily allow current to flow

What are electric insulators?

Materials that do not allow current to flow easily

What is the purpose of a battery in a circuit?

power source

Is this circuit series or parallel?

Series

Is this circuit series or parallel?

Parallel

What is equation for Ohm’s Law

V=IR

What is the relationship between voltage and current in Ohm’s law?

Directly proportional

What is the relationship between current and resistance in Ohm’s Law

Inversely proportional.

What is the purpose of having a grounding wire in an electrical circuit?

providing a safe path in case of malfunction

What is the purpose of fuses and circuit breakers?

opening the circuit in case of too much current

What Direct Current (DC)?

current flow in one direction

What is alternating current (AC)?

Current that flows in changing direction

What is a magnet?

Any object or material that can produce a magnetic field

The direction of a magnetic field is always from:

north to south

Why does iron lose its magnetic properties at 70°C?

The kinetic energy disrupts the alignment of its magnetic fields.

Is the Earth’s magnetic “North Pole” an actual magnetic north pole?

No

How does the Earth’s magnetic field make life on this planet possible?

It traps high energy charged particles from solar winds

How can a temporary magnet be made

Repeatedly rubbing a magnet against a ferromagnetic material in the same direction

Which type of transformer has more coils on the output side than the input side?

step up

What do scientists believe causes Earth’s magnetic field?

The flow of liquid iron in the outer core

What is a photon?

a bundle of electromagnetic wave energy

Does light behave as a particle or a wave?

both

how are wavelength and frequency of an electromagnetic wave related?

inversely proportional

How are frequency and energy of electromagnetic waves related?

directly proportional

How are energy and wavelength of electromagnetic waves related?

Inversely proportional

Which type of EM wave has the longest wavelength?

radio waves

Which type of EM wave has the shortest wavelength?

gamma rays

What are luminous objects?

objects that can produce visible light

What are illuminated objects?

objects that are visible by reflecting light

What are opaque materials?

Materials that do not allow light to pass through

What are translucent materials?

Materials that allow some light to pass through

What are transparent materials?

Materials that allow light to pass through easily

What is incandescence?

Objects glow due to high temperature

What is Chemiluminescence?

Chemical reaction gives off energy as light

What is fluorescence?

Objects emit light after absorbing EM energy and gives off light for less time

What is Phosphorescence?

Objects emit light after absorbing EM energy and gives off light for more time

What are the primary additive colors?

red, green, blue

What are the secondary additive colors?

cyan, yellow, magenta

What are the primary subtractive colors?

cyan, yellow, magenta

What color will appear if red light shines on cyan paper?

black

What color will show if yellow light shines on red paper?

red

What color will appear if green light shines on yellow paper?

black

What does the Law of Reflection state?

angle of incidence equals angle of reflection

What are real images?

images that form when light rays converge

What are virtual images?

images that form when light rays diverge

Define converging

coming together

Define diverging

moving away from each other

The center of curvature is ____ the distance of the focal point from the mirror

twice

What happens to the image if the object is at the focal point?

There is no reflected image.

What happens to the image if the object is at the center of curvature?

the image is real, inverted, the same size, and on the same side of the mirror

What happens to the image when the object is between the focal point and the mirror?

the image is virtual, upright, larger, and on the opposite side of the mirror