DATES

Thirty Years Truce

(446/5) Treaty between Athens and Sparta that ended the first Peloponnesian War, requiring Athens to give up Megara and making Aigina autonomous.

Ostracism of Thucydides' son

(444) Political banishment occurring in Athens, reflecting internal conflicts.

Samian Revolt

(440) Revolt against Athenian control which was repressed by Athens under Pericles.

Megarian Decree

(433) A decree stating Megara could not use Athenian harbors, severely impacting Megara's trade.

Peloponnesian War

(431) War initiated by the growing power of Athens, provoking fear and aggression from Sparta.

Debate on Mytilene

(428/7) Debate between Kleon and Diodotus regarding the fate of Mytilene after its revolt against Athens.

Battle of Pylos and Sphacteria

(425) Athenian victory where Sparta was surrounded, leading to Spartan surrender.

Attempt to Save Amphipolis

(422) Thucydides’ failed effort to rescue the Athenian colony of Amphipolis from Sparta, resulting in his exile.

Peace of Nikias

(421) Agreement ending the first phase of the Peloponnesian War, requiring both sides to return conquests.

Battle of Mantineia

(418) Conflict between Athenians + Argives vs Spartans + Tegeans resulting in a Spartan victory.

Capture of Melos

(416) Athenian conquest of Melos, forcefully enslaving its inhabitants after refusing to join them.

Sicilian Expeditions

(415-413) Military campaign aimed at taking Syracuse, involving strategoi Alcibiades, Nikias, and Lamachos.

Dekeleia

(414) Athenian base during the Sicilian Expedition where Demosthenes planned a night attack.