Protein Targeting Lecture

This set of flashcards covers the essential vocabulary and concepts related to protein targeting, synthesis, and modification processes discussed in the lecture.

Protein Targeting

The process by which proteins move from their site of synthesis to their functional locations in the cell.

Signal Recognition Particle (SRP)

A protein-RNA complex that binds to the signal sequence of a nascent peptide, directing it to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

N-terminal Signal Sequence

A short peptide sequence at the beginning of a protein that directs the protein to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Glycosylation

The process of adding oligosaccharides to proteins, which can occur in the ER or Golgi apparatus.

N-linked Glycosylation

The attachment of oligosaccharides to the nitrogen atom of an asparagine side chain; begins in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

O-linked Glycosylation

The attachment of oligosaccharides to the oxygen of serine, threonine, or tyrosine side chains; typically occurs in the Golgi apparatus.

Nuclear Localization Signal (NLS)

A short sequence of amino acids that directs a protein to the nucleus, typically rich in basic residues.

Transport Vesicles

Membrane-bound carriers that transport proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus and other destinations.

ER Lumen

The internal environment of the endoplasmic reticulum where protein synthesis and modifications occur.

Importin Proteins

Proteins that transport other proteins with NLS into the nucleus.