History Unit 4 Important Names

Henry Clay

brokered the 1820 Missouri Compromise, which introduced the Dixie Line

Dred Scott

a free slave who escaped to the North and lived there for many years, but someone later reported him on the basis of the Fugitive Slave Act. This became a landmark Supreme Court Case → ruled against Scott

Henry Lauren Dawes

Senator who introduced the Dawes Act (1887): an attempt by the federal government to “Americanize” and assimilate the Indigenous in order to save them

Joseph Lochner

a bakery owner whose violation of the Bakeshop Act caused controversy due to the Supreme Court’s controversial ruling - marked an era (Lochner Era) marked by laissez-faire

Andrew Carnegie

Scottish immigrant who dominated the steel industry, believed in philanthropy

John Davison Rockefeller

Dominated the oil industry

By 1879, Standard Oil controlled 90% of the nation’s oil

Criticized for business practices/monopoly

John Pierpont Morgan

Financier who made money by buying companies and reorganizing them

Bought Carnegie’s steel company in 1901

Invested in Edison

Grover Cleveland

U.S. President during the Pullman Strike