Female Reproductive system

Medical terminology, Week 4

adnexae uteri

Fallopian tubes, overies, and supporting ligaments

amnion

innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus

areola

Dark-pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple

Bartholin glands

Small, mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice

Cervix

Lower neck-like portion of the uterus

Chorion

Outermost layer of the 2 membranes surrounding the embryo

clitoris

Sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra

Coitus

Sexual intercourse; copulation

Corpus luteum

Empty ovarian follicle; secretes progesterone after release of egg cell; means yellow body

cul-de-sac

Region in lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus

embryo

Stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks

endometrium

Inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus

Estrogen

Hormone produced by the ovaries that promotes female secondary sex characteristics

Fallopian tube

One of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus

Fertilization

Union of sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops

Fetus

stage in prenatal development from 8 to 39 or 40 weeks

Fimbriae

Finger-or tringe-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the ovum

Gamete

Male or female sexual reproductive cell; sperm cell or ovum

Genitalia

Reproductive organs

Gestation

Period from fertilization of the ovum to birth

Gonad

Female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis

Gynecology

Study of the female reproductive organs, including the breasts

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

Hymen

Mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina

Labia

Lips of the vagina

Lactiferous ducts

Tubes that carry milk within the breast

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation

Mammary papilla

Nipple of the breast

Menarche

Beginning of the first menstral period and ability to reproduce

Menopause

Gradual ending of menstruation

Menstruation

Monthly shedding of the uterine lining

Myometrium

Muscle layer of the uterus

Neonatology

Branch of medicine that studies the disorders and care of the newborn (neonate)

Obstertrics

The branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth

Orifice

An opening

Ovarian follicle

Developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary

Ovary

One of a pair of female organs on each side of the pelvis; almond-shaped; produced egg cells and hormones

Ovulation

Release of the ovum from the ovary

Ovum

Mature egg cell (female gamete)

Parturition

Act of giving birth

Perineum

Area between the anus and the vagina in females

Pituitary gland

Endocrine gland at the base of the brain that produces hormones to stimulate the ovaries; also regulates other endocrine organs

Placenta

Vascular organ attached to uterine wall during pregnancy; allows exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and fetus

Pregnancy

Condition of having a developing embryo and fetus in female uterus for about 40 weeks

Progesterone

Hormone produced by corpus luteum in ovary and placenta of pregnant women

Puberty

Point in life cycle and which sex characteristics appear and gametes are produced

Uterine serosa

Outermost layer surrounding the uterus

Uterus

Hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which embryo and fetus develop, and from which menstruation occurs

Vagina

Muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body

Vulva

External female genitalia; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice

zygote

The stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to 2 weeks

amni/o

amnion

bartholin/o

Bartholin gland

Cervic/o

cervix, neck

chori/o or chorion/o

chorion

colp/o

vagina

cuid/o

cul-de-sac

episi/o

vulva

galact/o

milk

gynec/o

woman, female

hyster/o

uterus, womb

mamm/o or mast/o

breast

men/o

menses, menstruation

metr/o

uterus

my/o

muscle

myom/o

muscle tumor

nat/i

birth

obstetr/o

midwife

o/o or ov/o or ovul/o

egg

oophor/o or ovari/o

ovary

perine/o

Perineum

phor/o

to bear

salping/o

fallopian tubes

uter/o

Uterus

vagin/o

Vagina

Vulv/o

vulva

-arche

beginning

-cyesis

pregnancy

-gravida

pregnancy

-parous

to bear, bring forth

-rrhea

discharge

-salpinx

uterine tube

-tocia

labor, birth

-version

act of turning

dys-

painful

endo-

within

in-

in

intra-

within

multi-

many

nulli-

no, not, none

pre-

before

primi-

first

retro-

backward

Carcinoma of the cervix

Malignant cells within the cervix

Cervicitis

Inflammation of the cervix

Carcinoma of the endometrium

Malignant tumor of the uterine lining

Endometriosis

Endometrial tissue located outside the uterus

Fibroids

Benign tumors of the uterus

Ovarian carcinoma

Malignant tumor of the ovary