chemistry energy and matter reveiw

Which of the following is an example of energy transformation for photosynthesis

Chemical to electrical to light

Light to chemical

Chemical to thermal

Light to chemical

Which of the following is not considered a fossil fuel?

Petroleum

Coal

Oxygen

Natural Gas

oxygen

What is the SI unit of energy

calorie

Meter

Joule

Joule

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that

It is the capacity to do work or to produce heat

In any process, energy can be created or destroyed

In any process, energy cannot be created or destroyed

In any process, energy cannot be created or destroyed

How would you convert 173 cal into Joules?

Add 4.184 J/cal

Divide by 4.184 J/cal

Multiply by 4.184 J/cal

Multiply by 4.184 J/cal

The SI scale for measuring temperature is:

Kelvin

Celsius

Fahrenheit

kelvin

The zero point on the Kelvin scale is called:

Absolute zero

Sub-zero

Absolute freezing

absolute zero

Absolute zero is:

When water freezes

The point at which the motion of particles of matter ceases

The point at which the motion of particles of matter follow the same pattern

The point at which the motion of particles of matter ceases

The boiling point of water is

373 °F

100 K

373 K

373K

Which of the following could be a method to separate a solution into its elements?

filtration

crystallization

distillation

chromatography

none of the above would be an appropriate method

crystallization

distillation

chromatography

Matter is:

Amount of material in an object

Anything that has mass and volume

How much space something occupies

Anything that has mass and volume

Which is NOT a state of matter:

Gas

Shape

Solid

Liquid

shape

Which is NOT an example of a physical change?Bending

Melting

Tearing

Burning

burning

Which is NOT an example of a chemical change?

Cooking food

Crushing a can

Burning a log

Igniting a match

crushing a can

Which of the following has a definite volume, but no definite shape (takes the shape of its container)

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Plasma

liquid

An element:

Cannot be separated into simpler substances by a chemical change

Can be separated into simpler substances by a chemical change

Can by separated into simpler substances by a physical change

Cannot be separated into simpler substances by a chemical change

Which of the the following would likely have similar properties to the compound sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3 (this is baking soda, and the 3 is a subscript)

Na, sodium

H, Hydrogen

C, Carbon

O, Oxygen

CO2, carbon dioxide

H2O, water

none of the above

none of the above

NaCl is a(n):

Compound

Element

None of the above

compound

Magnesium is a(n):

Compound

Element

None of the above

element

When 2 or more elements combine in a chemical reaction, they form a(n)

Compound

Element

Mixture

compound

Which of the following is not a pure substance?

Milk

Hydrogen

Water

Oxygen

milk

A bowl of cereal with slices of fresh fruit and milk is an example of

A heterogeneous mixture

A homogeneous mixture

An element

A compound

A heterogeneous mixture

A mixture is:

1 pure substance

Never hetero- or homogeneous

A blend of 2 or more pure substances

Two or more elements chemically combined

A blend of 2 or more pure substances

Apple juice is an example of

A heterogeneous mixture

A homogeneous mixture

An element

A compound

A homogeneous mixture

A heterogeneous mixture can be best separated by:

Distillation

Chromatography

Crystallization

Filtration

Filtration

adding milk and fruit to a bowl of cereal

physical change

frying an egg

chemical

boiling water

physical

tearing a cotton t-shirt into small pieces

physcial

dissolving sugar in a glass of water

physical

ammonia

Compound

a cinnamon raisin bagel

Heterogeneous mixture

a blue crayon

Homogeneous mixture

radon

Element

energy

capacity to move an object over a distance against a resisting force

kinetic energy

energy carried by objects in motion an energy of motion

potential energy

energy posed by objects because of their position or arrangement of particles stored energy

chemical energy

stored chemicals due to breaking and forming of bonds in chemical relations due to the arrangement of particles

law of conservation of energy

energy is never created or destroyed it is transformed from one kind of energy into another

boiling point

100c/212f

freezing point

0c

room tempature

27c 77f

room tempature

37c/98f

absolute zero

the zero point on the kelvin scale, no movement of particles

tempature

the amount of energy in an objecor item/person

solid

does not take shape of container, particles are tightly packed and have high ordered structure not much free space to have the particles vibrate in place.

liquids

takes shape of container, particle are close together

gases

fills the container, particle are wildly separated and randomly located.

physical properties

charactersits of a substance that can be observed without alerting the identity of a substance color shape odor taste hardness density

chemical properties

cannot be observed without alerting the substance. reactivity with the acids, ability to burn decompose on heating

physical changes

does not alter the identity of a substance. crushing, tearing, states, dissolving

chemical change

does alter the identity of a substance. rusting, burning, cooking, gas

law of conservation of matter

matter is neither created or destroyed in any process

precipitate

a solid forms when 2 liquids are mixed

element

substance that cannot be seperated into simpler substances by a chemical change.

compounds

formed when 2 or more different elements rust salt

pure substance

substance made one kind of material with a mixture with a unique set of chemical and physical properties

mixtures

a blend of 2 or more pure substances

heterogeneous

mixture in which the particles are not uniformly mixed you can see the difference

homogeneous

not visibly different parts

filtration

liquid and solids the mixture is poured through a cone piece paper which makes it a liquid to gas

crystalization

produces solids of very high purity

chromatography

separating soln by allowing it to flow along a stationary substance

distillation

separates liquids in a mixture that differ in boiling point