AP Physics- 1D Kinematics

AP Physics 1 Test 8/27

Motion

A change of an object’s position or orientation with time.

Trajectory

The path upon which an object moves.

Displacement

A change of position, calculated as DeltaX = Xfinal - Xinitial.

Scalar Values

Quantities that have no direction (e.g., weight).

Vector Values

Quantities that have direction (e.g., velocity).

Speed

The ratio of distance traveled to the time taken (Speed = Distance/Time).

Velocity

The ratio of displacement to the time taken (Velocity = Displacement/Time).

Position vs Time Graphs

Graphs that show the relationship between position and time, where the slope represents velocity.

Uniform Motion

Motion where an object moves at a constant velocity, represented by a straight position vs. time graph.

Displacement in Uniform Motion

Calculated as Displacement = v(deltaT).

Area Under Velocity vs Time Graph

Represents displacement.

Instantaneous Velocity

The velocity of an object at a specific point in time, determined by drawing a tangent line on a graph.

Acceleration

The rate of change of velocity, indicating how quickly an object is speeding up or slowing down.

Slope of Velocity vs Time Graph

Represents acceleration.

Acceleration Formula

Change in Velocity/Time (measured in m/s²).

1st Kinematic Equation

V = (Velocity initial) + at.

2nd Kinematic Equation

Displacement = 1/2(Velocity initial + final)t.

3rd Kinematic Equation

Displacement = (Initial V)t + (1/2)at².

4th Kinematic Equation

(final V)² = (Initial Velo)² + 2a(displacement).

Jerk

The rate of change of acceleration over time.