Human comm theory: 20 questions

what is an active IV?

actively manipulated variable

What is the original meaning of science?

To know

What is a IV?

Controlled or manipulated variable… cause

What is a DV?

Observable variable… outcome or effect variable

What is a correlation coefficient?

The amount of covariance between X and Y

Operationally, what value does correlation coefficient take?

from -1 to +1

What is a concept?

A construct or theory or definition

What is an operation?

How that concept/construct is made observable… how it is observed

What is an example of an inverse correlation?

-0.4 (any negative, non-zero value up to and including -1)

T or F: Random sampling refers to how participants are assigned to treatment groups.

False

T or F: A longitudinal study is one type of experiment.

False

_____ validity estimates the “representativeness” of a given finding.

External —→ based on sampling quality

_____ validity estimated the certainty of causality.

Internal

What are three features of a “true experiment”?

1. Active IV

2. Random assignment

3. Comparison/control group

Karl Popper’s key characteristics of science

1. falsificationism

2. Science is best understood as the best system ever devised for being “wrong”.

When two or more IVs are manipulated in an experiment, and at least one of them is accidentally manipulated, this threat to validity is known as _____.

Confound or confounding variable

T or F: A survey is also known as a cross-sectional study.

True —→ one point in time

A ____ ____ is a type of study that aggregates the findings quantitatively of a body of studies, each of which examines or tests the same relationship.

Meta-anaylsis —→ produces an “average” effect size of the extant research

J.S. Mill’s Canons of Causality include three main things, widely accepted to demonstrate a causal relationship when sufficiently established. They are:

1. Time ordering

2. Covariance

3. Nonspuriousness (quality of not falseness)

If a measure estimates something similarly overtime, or within the various components of its measurement structure _____.

Reliable

T or F: Science is the practice of proving things true.

False

A theory is a set of ____ ____ which explains some phenomenon or phenomena.

Inter-related propositions

Why are we here?!

1. Knowledge

2. Thinking

3. Self-realization

4. Social responsibility

5. Relationships

6. Life skills