Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Puerperium

Flashcards covering key terminology and concepts related to Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Puerperium for exam preparation.

Chapter 15

Codes used for Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Puerperium.

Z33.1

Code for Pregnant state, incidental.

Trimester

A division of the pregnancy duration. There are three trimesters.

First trimester

The first 12 weeks of pregnancy.

Second trimester

The weeks from 13 to 28 of pregnancy.

Third trimester

The final weeks from 29 to 40 of pregnancy.

Blastocyst

An early stage of embryonic development.

HCG

Human chorionic gonadotropin, a hormone produced during pregnancy.

Morula

A solid ball of cells resulting from division of a fertilized ovum.

Monozygotic twins

Twins that develop from a single fertilized ovum.

Dizygotic twins

Twins that develop from two separate fertilized ova.

Nulligravida

A woman who has never been pregnant.

Primipara

A woman who has given birth to one child.

Multipara

A woman who has given birth to two or more children.

Puerperium

The period following childbirth.

Eclampsia

Severe complications of pregnancy characterized by seizures.

Preeclampsia

Pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to other organs.

Apgar Score

A quick test performed on newborns to assess their health.

Chorioamnionitis

Inflammation of the chorion and amniotic membranes.

Oligohydramnios

Deficiency of amniotic fluid.

Polyhydramnios

Excess of amniotic fluid.

Placenta previa

A condition where the placenta covers the cervix.

Dystocia

Difficult labor or childbirth.

Neonate

A newborn child.

Amniocentesis

A procedure to sample amniotic fluid.

Cerclage

Surgical procedure to place a stitch in the cervix.

VBAC

Vaginal birth after cesarean.

Erythroblastosis fetalis

A hemolytic disease in a fetus or newborn caused by blood type incompatibility.

Chorionic villi sampling (CVS)

A prenatal test that involves taking a sample of tissue from the placenta.

Gestational diabetes

Diabetes that develops during pregnancy.

Labor stages

Phases of childbirth including early, active, transitional, and delivery phases.

Fetal heart tones

The sound of the heartbeat of a fetus.

Quickening

The first movement of the fetus that the mother can feel.

Chadwick's sign

Vaginal hyperemia, a sign of pregnancy.

Goodell's sign

Softening of the cervix indicative of early pregnancy.

Hegar's sign

Softening of the lower uterine segment.

Ballottement

A palpation technique used to detect fetal movement.

Mediolateral episiotomy

A surgical cut made across the vaginal opening during childbirth.

Vulva

External female genitalia.

PUPP

Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy.

Phlebitis

Inflammation of a vein.

Hyperemesis gravidarum

Severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.

Ectopic pregnancy

A pregnancy that occurs outside the uterus.

Placental abruption

Separation of the placenta from the uterus before delivery.

Amniotic fluid

Fluid surrounding the fetus in the amniotic sac.

Maternal record

Medical record for the mother during pregnancy.

Newborn record

Medical record for the newborn.

Nullipara

A woman who has never given birth.

Primipara vs. Multipara

Primipara has had one birth, and Multipara has had multiple births.

Cervical incompetence

A condition in which the cervix is weak, leading to premature birth.

Meconium staining

Presence of meconium in amniotic fluid, can indicate fetal distress.

Fetal presentation

The part of the fetus that enters the birth canal first.

Breech presentation

When the baby is positioned to deliver buttocks or feet first.

Cephalic presentation

When the baby is positioned to deliver head first.

Chorion

The outermost membrane surrounding the fetus.

Umbilical cord

The structure that connects the fetus to the placenta.

Colostrum

The first form of milk produced after delivery.

Placental insufficiency

The placental condition when it fails to provide enough nutrients to the fetus.

Hemorrhage

Excessive bleeding.

Placenta accreta

A condition where the placenta attaches too deeply into the uterine wall.

Placenta increta

A condition where the placenta invades the uterine wall.

Placenta percreta

A condition where the placenta penetrates through the entire uterine wall.

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome

A condition that occurs in identical twins who share a placenta.

Neonatal care

Medical care provided to newborns.

Gestational age

The age of the pregnancy counted from the first day of the last menstrual period.

Pediatric assessment

Evaluation of infants and children.

Perinatal care

Care before, during, and after childbirth.

Fetal monitoring

Tracking the fetus's heart rate and other parameters during labor.

Infertility evaluation

Assessment to determine reasons for inability to conceive.

Artificial insemination

A fertility treatment that involves injecting sperm into a woman's reproductive system.

Placental examination

Inspection of the placenta post-delivery.

Fertility drug therapy

Medications used to stimulate ovulation.

Amniotic sac

The membrane enclosing the fetus in the womb.

Vaginal delivery

Birth of a baby through the vagina.

Cesarean delivery

Surgical delivery of a baby through the abdomen.

Cervical dilation

The opening of the cervix during labor.

Fetal position

Orientation of the fetus in relation to the birth canal.

Labor induction

Use of medications or procedures to stimulate labor.

Amniotomy

Artificial rupture of the membranes.

Cervical effacement

Thinning of the cervix that occurs during labor.

Nuchal cord

A cord that is wrapped around a baby's neck during delivery.

Macrosomia

A condition where a baby is significantly larger than average.

Fetal distress

Deterioration of the fetal state during labor.

Stillbirth

Loss of a baby after 20 weeks of pregnancy.

Classifications of stillbirth

Categories of stillbirth including fetal and maternal factors.

Neonatal resuscitation

Emergency procedure to assist a newborn in breathing.

Breastfeeding benefits

Health advantages of exclusive breastfeeding for infants.

Tocolytics

Medication to stop premature labor.

Epidural anesthesia

Pain relief method during childbirth.

Postpartum hemorrhage

Excessive bleeding following delivery.

Maternal mortality

Death of a woman during pregnancy or shortly after delivery.

Perinatal mortality

Death of a fetus or infant in the perinatal period.

Complications of pregnancy

Various health issues that can arise during pregnancy.

Prenatal vitamins

Supplements to support a healthy pregnancy.

Routine prenatal care

Regular health evaluations during pregnancy.

Congenital anomalies

Birth defects that result from genetic or environmental factors.

Prevention of gestational complications

Approaches to mitigate risks during pregnancy.

Prenatal counseling

Guidance provided to expectant parents.

Vaginal spotting

Light bleeding from the vagina during pregnancy.

Fetal heart rate variability

Changes in the heart rate of the fetus.