Climate change

Reflect back downward

Phản xạ ngược xuống><radiate heat:bức xạ nhiệt

Eg:A layer of dust in the air may reflect back downward solar energy, altering weather patterns.

Greenhouse gases reflect back downward the heat that the Earth radiates at night

Extreme weather pattern

Hiện tượng thời tiết cực đoan=exaggerated weather condition

Eg:Urban areas are particularly vulnerable to extreme weather patterns, especially heatwaves.

Farmers are struggling to adapt to extreme weather patterns that disrupt crop cycles.

Scientists warn that extreme weather patterns are becoming more frequent due to climate change.

Nitrous oxide

N₂O:Là khí nhà kính mạnh thứ ba (sau CO₂ và CH₄) cũng là khí gây cười (laughing gas)

Eg:The dentist used nitrous oxide to help the patient relax during the procedure

Large amounts of nitrous oxide are released from agricultural soils due to the excessive use of fertilizers.

Nitrous oxide is one of the major greenhouse gases contributing to global warming.

Fundamental change

Sự thay đổi mang tính nền tảng,tận gốc,cốt lõi=Transform=Shift:chuyển dịch lớn,đổi cách nghĩ

Eg:There was a fundamental change in her attitude after the trip.

Social media has brought about a fundamental change in how young people communicate.

The company needs a fundamental change in leadership if it wants to survive.

Looming(adj)

(chỉ điều không mong muốn)cập kề,sắp xảy ra,đang đến gần,gây lo lắng=appearing

Eg:Teachers warned students about the looming final exam.

A looming storm forced people to stay indoors.

There is a looming threat of water shortage in many regions.

Heatwave

Đợt nóng kéo dài(nhiệt độ cao bất thường trong nhiều ngày/tuần)

Eg:The heatwave dried up rivers and damaged crops across the region.

Scientists warn that heatwaves are becoming more frequent due to climate change.

Melt the polar ice caps

Làm tan chảy các tảng băng ở hai cực(Bắc Cực và Nam Cực)

Eg:Melting the polar ice caps threatens coastal cities worldwide.

Scientists warn that melting the polar ice caps will lead to severe sea-level rise.

Rising global temperatures are melting the polar ice caps at an alarming rate.

Inundate(v)

To flood an area with water:

Eg:Coastal cities may be inundated as sea levels continue to rise

Be followed by

Được theo sau/tiếp nối bởi

Eg:The festival will be followed by a firework show.

A long drought was followed by heavy floods.

High rates of deforestation are inevitably followed by alarming species extinction.