Louisiana History: Second Semester Final Review

Comprehensive practice flashcards for the Louisiana History Second Semester Final, covering vocabulary and key historical concepts from the Louisiana Purchase through the Civil Rights Era.

Which country sold Louisiana to the United States?

France

What were the reasons why France sold Louisiana?

Napoleon's failure to control Saint-Domingue and his need for money to fund a war against Great Britain.

Who was the President of the United States during the Louisiana Purchase?

Thomas Jefferson

Why was the port of New Orleans important to the United States?

It was a vital trade center that provided access to the Mississippi River for American farmers and merchants.

What is the Treaty of San Ildefenso?

A secret treaty signed in $1800$ in which Spain returned the Louisiana Territory to France.

What was the significance of Pickney's Treaty?

It was an agreement between the United States and Spain that gave Americans the right to trade and deposit goods in New Orleans.

What did the Adams-Onis Treaty accomplish?

It settled the boundary dispute between the United States and Spain, with Spain ceding Florida to the U.S.

What is the definition of Manumission?

The setting free of individual enslaved people by their masters.

What were the goals of the Anaconda Plan?

To blockade the Confederate coast and seize control of the Mississippi River to split the Confederacy in two.

What was the role of the steam boat in New Orleans and on the Mississippi?

It revolutionized trade and transportation by allowing for faster travel upstream and downstream.

What is the meaning behind the term grandfather clause?

A law that excused a voter from a poll tax or literacy test if his father or grandfather had been eligible to vote before January $1$, $1867$.

How did the Constitution of $1898$ limit the voting rights of blacks and poor whites?

It implemented the grandfather clause, literacy tests, and poll taxes to disenfranchise these groups.

What was the result of the Plessy v Ferguson Supreme Court decision?

It established the 'separate but equal' doctrine, leading to widespread segregation in the South.

What was the meaning of the term Bourbon Democrat?

Conservative Democrats who sought to 'redeem' the state from Reconstruction and return to the social order of the antebellum period.

What was the purpose of the Black Codes?

To restrict the freedom of African Americans and ensure a stable labor force for white landowners after the Civil War.

What was the result of the Mechanic's Institute Riot?

The violence deepened the resolve of Northern Republicans to pass stricter Reconstruction Acts.

What was Huey Long's Share Our Wealth program?

A plan to redistribute wealth by capping personal fortunes and providing every family with a minimum income.

What was the purpose of the Voting Rights Act of $1965$?

To outlaw discriminatory voting practices, such as literacy tests, that were used to disenfranchise African Americans.

What was the significance of the Eureka Boat (Higgins Boat)?

It was a landing craft designed in New Orleans that was crucial for the D-Day invasion during World War Two.

What is the difference between the Constitution of $1879$ and the one before it?

The Constitution of $1879$ reduced the powers of the governor and weakened the state's financial authority to benefit the Bourbon Democrats.

What is sectionalsim?

An exaggerated loyalty to a particular region of the country rather than to the nation as a whole.

What was the importance of the Flood of $1927$?

It was one of the most destructive river floods in U.S. history, leading to changes in flood control policy and helping Huey Long’s political rise.

What did the head and master statutes do?

They legally recognized the husband as the 'head and master' of the household, giving him control over his wife's property.

What is popular sovereignty?

The idea that the people living in a territory should decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery.

What was the impact of the Missouri Compromise?

It maintained the balance of power between slave and free states by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

What was the purpose of the deduct box in Huey Long's administration?

It was a system where state employees were forced to contribute a percentage of their salary toward Long's political campaigns.

What was the significance of Brown v Board of Education?

The Supreme Court ruled that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal, ending legal segregation in schools.

What is the convict lease system?

A system where the state leased prisoners to private contractors to perform hard labor for profit.

What characterizes the progressive movement?

A period of social activism and political reform aimed at addressing problems caused by industrialization and corruption.

What is the Civil Service System?

A method of appointing government employees based on merit and examinations rather than political favoritism.