Philosophy and Logic Terminology

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts in philosophy and logic, including definitions and explanations.

Philosophy

A search for truth through the use of human reasoning.

Logic

The science and art of correct thinking.

Metaphysics

The study of beings.

Epistemology

The study of knowledge.

Axiology

The study of values.

Being

A term in logic for all things.

Truth

Conformity between the mind and reality.

Inductive logic

A type of reasoning from particular to universal, yielding probability.

Deductive logic

A type of reasoning from universal to particular, yielding certainty.

Certainty

The outcome provided by deductive logic.

Probability

The outcome provided by inductive logic.

Material logic

Concerned with the aspect of subject matter or content of truth.

Formal logic

Deals with correctness or sequence of premises.

Ethics

The study of morality.

Cosmology

The study of inanimate objects.

Aesthetics

The study of beauty.

Informative

Use of language that gives information or states facts.

Expressive

Use of language where emotions and attitudes are expressed beautifully.

Directive

Use of language seen in commands and requests.

Negative concept

Signifies the non-existence or non-possession of something.

Term

External representation of a concept.

Inversely proportional

The status of comprehension and extension of term.

First intention

Independent of our thinking about it.

Concrete concept

A concept that expresses a form and a subject.

Abstract concept

A concept which has form only.

Connotative concept

All modifiers.

Positive concept

Signifies the existence or possession of something.

Singular

Stands for a single definite individual or group.

Particular

Stands for an indefinite part of an absolute extension.

Universal

Stands for every subject signified.

'The'

The article used in singular.

General propositions

Propositions which are true most of the time but not all the time.