Gender Development

**sex**

distinction between genetic females (XX)

**gender**

social assignment or self-categorization as female

**gender expression**

how a person expresses their gender

**gender-typing**

the process of gender socialization

**gender-typed**

stereotyped or expected behaviours of one's assigned gender

**cross gender-typed**

stereotyped or expected behaviours of a different assigned gender

**gender nonconforming**

describes children who are highly cross-gender-typed relative to assigned or self-identified gender

**gender schema theory**

theory that children use gender as a filter for information processing

**gender schematic**

tendency to filter information through a gender schema

**gender aschematic**

tendency to filter information through personal interest rather than gender

**social cognitive theory**

learning about gender through tuition

**social identity theory**

gender development driven by ingroup bias

**developmental intergroup theory**

increasing psychological salience of gender leads to gender-based categorization and development of stereotypes and prejudice

**bipotentiality**

embryo originally has potential to form male or female sex organs

**congenital adrenal hyperplasia**

condition where adrenal glands produce high levels of androgens

**androgen insensitivity syndrome**

condition where genetic males' androgen receptors malfunction

**gender constancy**

understanding that gender is stable and consistent

**felt gender typicality**

sense of similarity and belonging with one's gender ingroup

**gender-role contentedness**

satisfaction with expected roles and opportunities for one's gender ingroup

**gender centrality**

how important gender identity is relative to other social identities

**gender-role intensification**

increased pressure to conform to gender roles during adolescence

**gender-role flexibility**

growing ability to move beyond rigid gender roles

**external influences on gender**

family (labelling